Bolis P F, Soro V, Martinetti Bianchi M, Belvedere M
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1985;12(1-2):9-12.
Studies carried out on inbred strains of mice have shown that conceptuses which differ at the MHC antigens from their mothers appear to enjoy a selective advantage when compared with conceptuses which are more compatible. In humans a highly significant degree of MHC compatibility can be found in couples with a history of repetitive spontaneous abortions with unknown aetiology. We HLA - typed 28 selected couples with a history of three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions of unknown aetiology and 28 normal couples as control. We found that 22/23 (79%) aborter couples shared common HLA antigens, while normally fertile couples only 7/28 (25%) (p less than 0.001). The finding of a significant HLA compatibility in couples having abortions might be consistent with the hypothesis that blocking antibodies, formed in early pregnancy as response to HLA antigens, are perhaps necessary for a successful gestation. The factor causing abortion in couples sharing HLA antigens might also refer to the homozygosity for fetal genes in linkage with HLA alleles. The sharing of HLA alleles could be a marker for other genes of the same region which are lethal for the embryo in the homozygous state.
对近交系小鼠进行的研究表明，与母亲MHC抗原不同的胚胎，相较于相容性更高的胚胎，似乎具有选择性优势。在人类中，病因不明的反复自然流产夫妇中可发现高度显著的MHC相容性。我们对28对有三次或更多次病因不明的连续自然流产史的夫妇以及28对正常夫妇作为对照进行了HLA分型。我们发现，22/23（79%）的流产夫妇有共同的HLA抗原，而正常生育夫妇只有7/28（25%）（p小于0.001）。在有流产史的夫妇中发现显著的HLA相容性这一结果，可能与以下假设一致：妊娠早期因对HLA抗原产生反应而形成的封闭抗体，可能是成功妊娠所必需的。共享HLA抗原的夫妇中导致流产的因素，也可能与与HLA等位基因连锁的胎儿基因纯合性有关。HLA等位基因的共享可能是同一区域其他基因的一个标记，这些基因在纯合状态下对胚胎是致命的。
