Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal.
Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
BMC Prim Care. 2024 Apr 5;25(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12875-024-02329-0.
Domestic violence (DV) is a serious and prevalent public health problem with devastating consequences for the victims and their families. Whilst the number of cases reported to the authorities has risen in recent years, many victims still chose not to present a complaint. In Portugal, to address this, DV became a public crime. As victims of DV present multiple health problems and frequently seek professional help, family doctors are in a privileged position to detect and report cases of DV to the authorities. However, little is known about what motivates these professionals to report or not the DV cases they encounter in their practice to the authorities.
We conducted semi-structured interviews with family doctors from all regional health administrations of continental Portugal. Interviews occurred between July 2020 and September 2022, were conducted in person or remotely, audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. Content analysis was conducted to assess the agreement or disagreement regarding mandatory reporting in each of the themes and subthemes.
Fifty-four family doctors took part in this study (n = 39 women, n = 15 men). The main themes that arose from the analysis were: "Barriers related to the physician's activity," "Barriers related to the victim or aggressor," "Facilitators related to the physician's activity," "Facilitators related to the victim or aggressor." Although different barriers were described, most doctors agreed with the mandatory reporting of DV cases.
Family doctors encounter multiple barriers and facilitators when considering reporting a DV case to the authorities. The results of this study can help develop new interventions to address the barriers described by the doctors, increasing their compliance with mandatory reporting, the protection of victims and the just persecution of the aggressor.
家庭暴力（DV）是一个严重且普遍存在的公共卫生问题，给受害者及其家庭带来了毁灭性的后果。尽管近年来向当局报告的案件数量有所增加，但仍有许多受害者选择不提出申诉。在葡萄牙，为了解决这个问题，DV 被定为公诉罪。由于 DV 的受害者会出现多种健康问题，并经常寻求专业帮助，家庭医生处于有利地位，可以发现并向当局报告他们在实践中遇到的 DV 案件。然而，对于这些专业人员出于何种动机向当局报告或不报告他们在实践中遇到的 DV 案件，人们知之甚少。
我们对葡萄牙大陆所有地区卫生管理局的家庭医生进行了半结构化访谈。访谈于 2020 年 7 月至 2022 年 9 月之间进行，访谈方式包括面对面或远程、录音、转录和使用主题分析进行分析。内容分析用于评估每个主题和子主题中关于强制性报告的同意或不同意程度。
共有 54 名家庭医生参与了这项研究（n=39 名女性，n=15 名男性）。分析中出现的主要主题包括：“与医生活动相关的障碍”、“与受害者或施虐者相关的障碍”、“与医生活动相关的促进因素”、“与受害者或施虐者相关的促进因素”。尽管描述了不同的障碍，但大多数医生都同意强制报告 DV 案件。
家庭医生在考虑向当局报告 DV 案件时会遇到多种障碍和促进因素。这项研究的结果可以帮助开发新的干预措施，以解决医生所描述的障碍，提高他们对强制报告的遵守程度，保护受害者，公正地追究施虐者的责任。
