Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Schizophr Res. 2024 May;267:282-290. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.043. Epub 2024 Apr 8.
This study examined the influence of personality traits on (subclinical) positive symptom distress in patients with a psychotic disorder, their unaffected siblings and healthy controls.
Data were obtained from the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis study (GROUP), a Dutch longitudinal multicenter cohort study. Data from 140 patients, 216 unaffected siblings and 102 healthy controls was available for baseline levels of Five Factor Model personality traits and frequency and distress due to psychotic experiences three years later, assessed with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experience questionnaire. Main effects of all five personality traits on symptom distress were investigated as well as moderating effects of Neuroticism, Extraversion and Openness on positive symptom frequency and positive symptom distress. Age, gender, symptom frequency and IQ were controlled for.
In both patients and siblings, the observed main effects of Neuroticism and Openness on (subclinical) positive symptom distress three years later either lost significance or had a very small effect size when controlling for covariates, mainly due to the correction for the effect of positive symptoms on personality traits at baseline. In both groups, levels of Openness at baseline moderated the association between positive symptom frequency and positive symptom distress three years later, in the direction that higher levels of Openness were associated with weaker associations between positive symptom frequency and - distress, even when covariates were controlled for.
The level of Openness to Experiences influences the perceived distress from (subclinical) positive symptoms in both patients and siblings.
本研究考察了人格特质对精神病患者（亚临床）阳性症状困扰的影响，以及对未受影响的兄弟姐妹和健康对照者的影响。
数据来自荷兰纵向多中心队列研究——精神病遗传风险和结局研究（GROUP）。共有 140 名患者、216 名未受影响的兄弟姐妹和 102 名健康对照者在基线时完成了五因素人格特质的测量，并在 3 年后使用社区心理体验评估问卷（Community Assessment of Psychic Experience questionnaire）评估了精神病体验的频率和困扰程度。研究调查了所有五个人格特质对症状困扰的主要影响，以及神经质、外向性和开放性对阳性症状频率和阳性症状困扰的调节作用。同时控制了年龄、性别、症状频率和智商。
在患者和兄弟姐妹中，神经质和开放性对 3 年后（亚临床）阳性症状困扰的观察到的主要影响，在控制了协变量后，要么失去了意义，要么效应量很小，这主要是由于对基线时阳性症状对人格特质的影响进行了校正。在两组中，开放性水平在基线时调节了阳性症状频率与 3 年后阳性症状困扰之间的关联，方向是开放性水平越高，阳性症状频率与困扰之间的关联就越弱，即使控制了协变量。
开放性体验水平影响了患者和未受影响的兄弟姐妹对（亚临床）阳性症状的感知困扰。
