Jangnin Ramida, Ritruangroj Worraya, Kittisupkajorn Sirada, Sukeiam Pattarapa, Inchai Juthamas, Maneeton Benchalak, Maneetorn Narong, Chaiard Jindarat, Theerakittikul Theerakorn
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 21;13(5):1208. doi: 10.3390/jcm13051208.
After recovering from COVID-19, patients may experience persistent symptoms, known as post-COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID, which include a range of continuing health problems. This research explores the prevalence, associated factors, and overall health outcomes of long COVID during a period of extensive vaccination and antiviral treatment availability in Thailand. This observational study involved 390 adult patients with COVID-19 between January and March 2022. Beginning three months after their diagnosis, these patients were interviewed via telephone every three months for a period of one year. The data collection process included gathering demographic information and administering a standardized questionnaire that addressed the patients' physical condition following COVID-19, their mental health, sleep disturbances, and overall quality of life. The cohort consisted of 390 participants, with an average age of 31.8 ± 13.6. Among them, 96.7% ( = 377) were vaccinated, and 98.2% ( = 383) underwent antiviral treatment. Long-COVID prevalence was observed at 77.7%, with the most frequently reported symptoms being fatigue (64.1%) and cough (43.9%). Regarding mental health, depression was reported by 8.2% of the participants, anxiety by 4.1%, and poor sleep quality by 33.3%. Advanced statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed significant links between long-COVID symptoms and patients aged below 60 ( = 0.042), as well as the initial symptom of cough ( = 0.045). In the subset of long-COVID sufferers, there was a notable correlation in females with symptoms such as headaches ( = 0.001), dizziness ( = 0.007), and brain fog ( = 0.013). Despite the extensive distribution of vaccines and antiviral therapies, the prevalence of long COVID remains high, being associated particularly with individuals under 60 and those exhibiting a cough as an early symptom. The study further reveals that mental health issues related to long COVID are profound, going beyond the scope of physical symptomatology.
新冠康复后，患者可能会出现持续症状，即所谓的新冠后综合征或长新冠，其中包括一系列持续存在的健康问题。本研究探讨了在泰国广泛接种疫苗和可获得抗病毒治疗期间长新冠的患病率、相关因素及总体健康结果。这项观察性研究纳入了2022年1月至3月期间390名成年新冠患者。自诊断后的三个月起，这些患者接受为期一年、每三个月一次的电话访谈。数据收集过程包括收集人口统计学信息，并发放一份标准化问卷，问卷内容涉及患者新冠后的身体状况、心理健康、睡眠障碍及总体生活质量。该队列共有390名参与者，平均年龄为31.8±13.6岁。其中，96.7%（n = 377）接种了疫苗，98.2%（n = 383）接受了抗病毒治疗。长新冠患病率为77.7%，最常报告的症状是疲劳（64.1%）和咳嗽（43.9%）。在心理健康方面，8.2%的参与者报告有抑郁，4.1%报告有焦虑，33.3%报告睡眠质量差。使用多变量逻辑回归进行的高级统计分析显示，长新冠症状与60岁以下患者（p = 0.042）以及最初症状为咳嗽（p = 0.045）之间存在显著关联。在长新冠患者亚组中，女性出现头痛（p = 0.001）、头晕（p = 0.007）和脑雾（p = 0.013）等症状的相关性显著。尽管疫苗和抗病毒疗法广泛分发，但长新冠的患病率仍然很高，尤其与60岁以下人群以及最初症状为咳嗽的人群相关。该研究进一步表明，与长新冠相关的心理健康问题严重，超出了身体症状的范畴。
