Zhang Yue, Wu Jun, Adili Simayi, Wang Shuo, Zhang Haiting, Shi Guangzhong, Zhao Jiangshan
Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Xinjiang Autonomous Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, 830002, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 28;10(7):e28812. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28812. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Human echinococcosis remains an important public health problem. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis cases in southern Xinjiang, China from 2005 to 2021.
Human echinococcosis cases were collected from the National Infectious Disease Reporting System. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to explore the trends. Spatial autocorrelation, hot spot analysis, as well as spatial-temporal clustering analysis were conducted to confirm the distribution and risk factors.
A total of 4580 cases were reported in southern Xinjiang during 2005-2021, with a mean annual incidence of 2.56/100,000. Echinococcosis incidence showed an increasing trend from 2005 to 2017 (APC = 17.939, 95%CI: 13.985 to 22.029) and a decreasing trend from 2017 to 2021 (APC = -18.769, 95%CI: 28.157 to -8.154). Echinococcosis cases had a positive spatial autocorrelation in 2005-2021 (Moran's = 0.19, < 0.05). The disease hotspots were located in the east and west in these areas, then returned to the east clusters, including Hejing, Heshuo, Wuqia, Atushi, Aheqi, and Yanqi Hui Autonomous County. Meanwhile, spatial-temporal analysis identified the first cluster comprised of five counties (cities): Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Korla City, Bohu County, Hejing County, and Heshuo County. And secondary clusters 1-3 are predominantly in Wushi County, Aheqi County, Keping County, Atushi City, Wuqia County and Cele County.
Our findings suggest that echinococcosis is still an important zoonotic parasitic disease in southern Xinjiang, yet it showed a certain degree of spatial clustering. It is crucial to implement comprehensive prevention and control measures to effectively combat the epidemic of echinococcosis.
人体包虫病仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在分析2005年至2021年中国新疆南部人体包虫病病例的流行情况和空间分布特征。
从国家传染病报告系统收集人体包虫病病例。采用Joinpoint回归分析探索发病趋势。进行空间自相关分析、热点分析以及时空聚类分析，以确定分布情况和危险因素。
2005年至2021年新疆南部共报告4580例病例，年平均发病率为2.56/10万。包虫病发病率在2005年至2017年呈上升趋势（年度百分比变化率[APC]=17.939，95%置信区间[CI]：13.985至22.029），在2017年至2021年呈下降趋势（APC=-18.769，95%CI：-28.157至-8.154）。2005年至2021年包虫病病例存在正空间自相关（Moran's I=0.19，P<0.05）。这些地区的疾病热点位于东部和西部，然后又回到东部集群，包括和静、和硕、乌恰、阿图什、阿合奇以及焉耆回族自治县。同时，时空分析确定了第一个集群由五个县（市）组成：焉耆回族自治县、库尔勒市、博湖县、和静县、和硕县。二级集群1-3主要分布在乌什县、阿合奇县、柯坪县、阿图什市、乌恰县和策勒县。
我们的研究结果表明，包虫病在新疆南部仍然是一种重要的人畜共患寄生虫病，但呈现出一定程度的空间聚集性。实施综合防控措施对于有效抗击包虫病疫情至关重要。
