Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Immunity. 2024 Apr 9;57(4):815-831. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.008.
The sensory nervous system possesses the ability to integrate exogenous threats and endogenous signals to mediate downstream effector functions. Sensory neurons have been shown to activate or suppress host defense and immunity against pathogens, depending on the tissue and disease state. Through this lens, pro- and anti-inflammatory neuroimmune effector functions can be interpreted as evolutionary adaptations by host or pathogen. Here, we discuss recent and impactful examples of neuroimmune circuitry that regulate tissue homeostasis, autoinflammation, and host defense. Apparently paradoxical or conflicting reports in the literature also highlight the complexity of neuroimmune interactions that may depend on tissue- and microbe-specific cues. These findings expand our understanding of the nuanced mechanisms and the greater context of sensory neurons in innate immunity.
感觉神经系统具有整合外源威胁和内源信号的能力，从而调节下游效应功能。已经表明感觉神经元可以激活或抑制宿主防御和对病原体的免疫，具体取决于组织和疾病状态。从这个角度来看，促炎和抗炎神经免疫效应功能可以被解释为宿主或病原体的进化适应。在这里，我们讨论了最近具有影响力的神经免疫回路的例子，这些回路调节组织内稳态、自身炎症和宿主防御。文献中明显矛盾或相互冲突的报告也突出了神经免疫相互作用的复杂性，这种复杂性可能取决于组织和微生物的特定线索。这些发现扩展了我们对感觉神经元在先天免疫中的细微机制和更大背景的理解。
