Hällström T, Samuelsson S
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1985;130:13-8. doi: 10.3109/00016348509157141.
A representative sample of 899 middle-aged urban Swedish women underwent a psychiatric interview on two occasions with 6 years between studies (waves). The point prevalence of all mental disorders was 39.9% at the first wave and 39.0% at the second. The corresponding one-year onset rates of all mental disorders were 18.0% and 14.2%. No significant differences were found between ages or between waves. Major depressive episodes accounted for about half of the psychiatric morbidity. Those women whose menopause started early were more often mentally impaired than others and they also tended to have been more often impaired even before the climacteric (ages 30-39). Menopause was not associated with any onset risk of mental disorder, but a relationship was found between this rate and the weighted sum of other life events. The latter association remained significant even when correction was made for age, social class and marital status. Divorced and the childless women ran an increased risk of developing a mental disorder with functional impairment in the 6-year period between the waves. Women from the lower social classes evidenced an increased risk of contracting some mental disorder during the same period.
899名瑞典城市中年女性的代表性样本接受了两次精神科访谈，两次研究（调查阶段）间隔6年。在第一阶段，所有精神障碍的时点患病率为39.9%，第二阶段为39.0%。所有精神障碍相应的一年发病率分别为18.0%和14.2%。未发现年龄之间或各阶段之间存在显著差异。重度抑郁发作约占精神疾病发病率的一半。绝经开始较早的女性比其他女性更容易出现精神障碍，而且即使在更年期之前（30 - 39岁），她们也往往更常出现精神障碍。绝经与任何精神障碍的发病风险均无关联，但发现该发病率与其他生活事件的加权总和之间存在关联。即使在对年龄、社会阶层和婚姻状况进行校正后，后一种关联仍然显著。在两次调查之间的6年期间，离婚女性和无子女女性患功能性精神障碍的风险增加。来自较低社会阶层的女性在同一时期患某些精神障碍的风险增加。
