Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Child Health, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Department of Child Health, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Allergol Int. 2024 Oct;73(4):550-555. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2024.03.004. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
Intestinal bacteria may play a role in the development of food allergies. This study aimed to analyze and compare the gut microbiota of food-allergic children with that of healthy children of the same age.
Stool samples were collected from one-and-a-half-year-old food-allergic (FA group, n = 29) and healthy controls (HC group, n = 19). A questionnaire was provided to examine the children's birth, dietary, medical, and social histories. The gut microbiota was profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. Differences in taxonomic composition were assessed using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), and microbial functional profiles were predicted with Tax4Fun2.
No significant difference in the alpha diversity index between the two groups; however, a negative correlation was observed between the Shannon diversity index and the relative abundance of Bacteroides. A significant difference was observed in beta diversity (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) in the bacterial composition between the FA and HC groups (P < 0.05). The FA group had a higher abundance of Escherichia and Anaeromassilibacillus and a lower abundance of Bacteroides, Oscillibacter, Ruminococcus, Hungateiclostridium and Anaerotaenia than the HC group (LEfSe: linear discriminant analysis score >2). The FA group showed a predicted increase in the expression levels of genes associated with intestinal pathogenicity compared with that in the HC group.
The gut microbiota of food-allergic children has a higher abundance of bacteria involved in intestinal inflammation and a lower abundance of bacteria involved in immune tolerance than that of healthy children. This dysbiosis may also be associated with food allergies.
肠道细菌可能在食物过敏的发展中起作用。本研究旨在分析和比较食物过敏儿童与同年龄健康儿童的肠道微生物群。
收集 1.5 岁食物过敏儿童（FA 组，n=29）和健康对照儿童（HC 组，n=19）的粪便样本。提供问卷以检查儿童的出生、饮食、医疗和社会史。通过 16S rRNA 测序分析肠道微生物群。使用线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）评估分类组成的差异，并使用 Tax4Fun2 预测微生物功能谱。
两组间 alpha 多样性指数无显著差异；然而，Shannon 多样性指数与拟杆菌相对丰度呈负相关。FA 组和 HC 组之间细菌组成的 beta 多样性（置换多元方差分析）存在显著差异（P<0.05）。FA 组的大肠杆菌和厌氧拟杆菌丰度较高，拟杆菌、真杆菌、瘤胃球菌、亨氏梭菌和厌氧真杆菌丰度较低（LEfSe：线性判别分析得分>2）。与 HC 组相比，FA 组预测与肠道致病性相关的基因表达水平升高。
食物过敏儿童的肠道微生物群中与肠道炎症相关的细菌丰度较高，与免疫耐受相关的细菌丰度较低。这种肠道菌群失调可能与食物过敏有关。
