Tanaka Masaru, Korenori Yuki, Washio Masakazu, Kobayashi Takako, Momoda Rie, Kiyohara Chikako, Kuroda Aki, Saito Yuka, Sonomoto Kenji, Nakayama Jiro
Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate school, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
Department of Community Health and Clinical Epidemiology, St. Mary's College, Kurume 830-8558, Japan.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2017 Aug 1;93(8). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fix099.
Bacterial colonization in infancy is considered crucial for the development of the immune system. Recently, there has been a drastic increase in childhood allergies in Japan. Therefore, we conducted a prospective study with 56 infants on the relationship between gut microbiota in the first year of life and the development of allergies during the first 3 years. In the lactation period, organic acid producers such as Leuconostoc, Weissella and Veillonella tended to be underrepresented in subjects who developed food allergies (FA, n = 14) within the first two years. In the weaning period, children in the FA group were highly colonized by unclassified Enterobacteriaceae and two Clostridium species closely related to Clostridium paraputrificum and C. tertium, and the whole tree phylogenetic diversity index was significantly lower in the FA group. All of these differences in the weaning period were statistically significant, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A higher abundance of unclassified Enterobacteriaceae was also found in the other allergic group (n = 15), whereas the two Clostridium species were highly specific to the FA group. The mode of action of these Clostridium species in childhood food allergies remains unknown, warranting further investigation.
婴儿期的细菌定植被认为对免疫系统的发育至关重要。最近，日本儿童过敏症急剧增加。因此，我们对56名婴儿进行了一项前瞻性研究，以探讨生命第一年的肠道微生物群与前3年过敏症发展之间的关系。在哺乳期，在头两年内发生食物过敏（FA，n = 14）的受试者中，诸如明串珠菌属、魏斯氏菌属和韦荣氏菌属等有机酸产生菌的数量往往较少。在断奶期，FA组儿童中未分类的肠杆菌科以及与副腐败梭菌和第三梭菌密切相关的两种梭菌属高度定植，并且FA组的全树系统发育多样性指数显著较低。即使在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，断奶期的所有这些差异在统计学上仍然显著。在另一个过敏组（n = 15）中也发现未分类的肠杆菌科丰度较高，而这两种梭菌属对FA组具有高度特异性。这些梭菌属在儿童食物过敏中的作用方式仍然未知，有待进一步研究。
