Yang Kailin, Zeng Liuting, He Qi, Wang Shanshan, Xu Hao, Ge Jinwen
Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Mar 27;15:1250918. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1250918. eCollection 2024.
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality and disability among adults. Recanalization of blood vessels to facilitate timely reperfusion is the primary clinical approach; however, reperfusion itself may trigger cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Emerging evidence strongly implicates the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target, playing a key role in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. The aberrant expression and function of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation in cerebral ischemia have garnered considerable attention as a recent research focus. Accordingly, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the signaling pathways, pathological mechanisms, and intricate interactions involving NLRP3 inflammasomes in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Moreover, notable progress has been made in investigating the impact of natural plant products (e.g., Proanthocyanidins, methylliensinine, salidroside, α-asarone, acacia, curcumin, morin, ginsenoside Rd, paeoniflorin, breviscapine, sulforaphane, etc.) on regulating cerebral ischemia and reperfusion by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and mitigating the release of inflammatory cytokines. These findings aim to present novel insights that could contribute to the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury.
缺血性中风（IS）是成年人死亡和残疾的主要原因。血管再通以促进及时再灌注是主要的临床方法；然而，再灌注本身可能引发脑缺血-再灌注损伤。新出现的证据强烈表明NLRP3炎性小体是一个潜在的治疗靶点，在脑缺血和再灌注损伤中起关键作用。NLRP3炎性小体介导的炎症在脑缺血中的异常表达和功能作为最近的研究重点已引起相当大的关注。因此，本综述全面总结了NLRP3炎性小体在脑缺血-再灌注损伤中的信号通路、病理机制和复杂相互作用。此外，在研究天然植物产品（如原花青素、甲基莲心碱、红景天苷、α-细辛脑、阿拉伯胶、姜黄素、桑色素、人参皂苷Rd、芍药苷、灯盏花素、萝卜硫素等）通过调节NLRP3炎性小体和减轻炎性细胞因子释放来调节脑缺血和再灌注方面取得了显著进展。这些发现旨在提供新的见解，有助于预防和治疗脑缺血-再灌注损伤。
