Montmaneix-Engels Faustine, Dimeglio Chloé, Staes Laeticia, Da Silva Isabelle, Porcheron Marion, Jougla Isabelle, Hérin Fabrice, Izopet Jacques
INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051-University Toulouse III, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, 31300, Toulouse, France.
Toulouse III Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, France.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 2;10(7):e29116. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29116. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Our understanding of cellular immunity in response to COVID-19 infection or vaccination is limited because of less commonly used techniques. We investigated both the cellular and humoral immune responses before and after the administration of a third dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among a group of healthcare workers. Cellular immunity was evaluated using the VIDAS interferon-gamma (IFNγ) RUO test, which enables automated measurement of IFNγ levels after stimulating peripheral blood lymphocytes. Booster doses significantly enhanced both cellular and humoral immunity. Concerning cellular response, the booster dose increased the percentage of positive IFNγ release assay (IGRA) results but no difference in IFNγ release was found. The cellular response was not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, vaccinated and infected healthcare workers exhibited the highest levels of anti-spike and neutralizing antibodies. In conclusion, the IGRA is a simple method for measuring cellular immune responses after vaccination. However, its usefulness as a complement to the study of humoral responses is yet to be demonstrated in future research.
由于技术使用不太普遍，我们对新冠病毒感染或疫苗接种后的细胞免疫了解有限。我们在一组医护人员中研究了接种第三剂严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗前后的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应。使用VIDAS干扰素-γ（IFNγ）RUO检测评估细胞免疫，该检测能够在刺激外周血淋巴细胞后自动测量IFNγ水平。加强剂量显著增强了细胞免疫和体液免疫。关于细胞反应，加强剂量增加了IFNγ释放试验（IGRA）阳性结果的百分比，但未发现IFNγ释放有差异。细胞反应与预防SARS-CoV-2感染无关。有趣的是，接种疫苗和感染过的医护人员表现出最高水平的抗刺突中和抗体。总之，IGRA是一种测量疫苗接种后细胞免疫反应的简单方法。然而，其作为体液反应研究补充的有用性尚有待未来研究证实。
