Xu Congcong, Sun Dongyue, Liu Yi, Pan Ziyi, Dai Zichun, Chen Fang, Guo Rihong, Chen Rong, Shi Zhendan, Ying Shijia
Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agricultural, Beijing, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 6;11:1363355. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1363355. eCollection 2024.
The present study investigated the effects of temperature on growth performance, slaughtering traits, meat quality and antioxidant function of Pekin ducks from 21-42 d of age. Single factor analysis of variance was used in this experiment, 144 21 d-old Pekin ducks were randomly allotted to 4 environmentally controlled chambers: T20 (20°C), T23 (23°C), T26 (26°C) and T29 (29°C), with 3 replicates in each group (12 ducks in each replicate), the relative humidity of all groups is 74%. During the 21-day trial period, feed and water were freely available. At 42 d, the BW (body weight) and ADG (average daily gain) of T26 were significantly lower than T20 ( < 0.05), and the T29 was significantly lower than T20 and T23 ( < 0.05). The ADFI (average daily feed intake) of T26 and T29 were significantly lower than T20 and T23 ( < 0.05). Compared to the T29, the T20 showed a significant increase oblique body length and chest width, and both the keel length and thigh muscle weight significantly increased in both the T20 and T23, while the pectoral muscle weight increased significantly in other groups ( < 0.05). The cooking loss of the T29 was the lowest ( < 0.05). The T-AOC (total antioxidant capacity) of T29 was significantly higher than the other groups ( < 0.05), the SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the T29 was significantly higher than the T23 and T26 ( < 0.05). In conditions of 74% relative humidity, the BW and ADFI of Pekin ducks significantly decrease when the environmental temperature exceeds 26°C, and the development of body size and muscle weight follows this pattern. The growth development and serum redox state of Pekin ducks are more ideal and stable at temperatures of 20°C and 23°C.
本研究调查了温度对21至42日龄北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性状、肉质和抗氧化功能的影响。本实验采用单因素方差分析，将144只21日龄北京鸭随机分配到4个环境控制舱：T20（20℃）、T23（23℃）、T26（26℃）和T29（29℃），每组3个重复（每个重复12只鸭），所有组的相对湿度为74%。在21天的试验期内，自由采食饲料和饮水。42日龄时，T26组的体重（BW）和平均日增重（ADG）显著低于T20组（P<0.05），T29组显著低于T20组和T23组（P<0.05）。T26组和T29组的平均日采食量（ADFI）显著低于T20组和T23组（P<0.05）。与T29组相比，T20组的斜体长和胸宽显著增加，T20组和T23组的龙骨长和大腿肌肉重均显著增加，而其他组的胸肌重显著增加（P<0.05）。T29组的烹饪损失最低（P<0.05）。T29组的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著高于其他组（P<0.05），T29组的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）显著高于T23组和T26组（P<0.05）。在相对湿度74%的条件下，环境温度超过26℃时北京鸭的体重和平均日采食量显著下降，体尺发育和肌肉重量也呈此趋势。北京鸭在20℃和23℃的温度下生长发育和血清氧化还原状态更为理想和稳定。
