McKenzie Brennen, Peloquin Matthew, Tovar Ashley, Graves Jessica L, Ratcliff Ellen, Tucker Katya, Vo Kenny, Greenwood Karen, Halioua-Haubold Celine-Lea, Juarez-Salinas Dina
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 15;85(6). doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.11.0253. Print 2024 Jun 1.
The goal of this study was to characterize changes induced by a high-fat diet in body composition, insulin levels and sensitivity, blood lipids, and other key biomarkers also associated with the metabolic dysfunction that occurs with natural aging.
24 male Beagle dogs, 3 to 7 years of age, of mixed castration status.
Dogs were randomly assigned to continue twice daily feeding of the commercial adult maintenance diet (n = 12, including 2 intact) that they were previously fed or to a high-fat diet (12, including 2 intact) for 17 weeks between December 1, 2021, and April 28, 2022. Assessments included body composition (weight, body condition score, and adipose mass determined by deuterium enrichment), clinical chemistries, plasma fatty acid quantification, oral glucose tolerance test, and histology of subcutaneous and visceral adipose biopsy samples.
The high-fat diet led to increased body weight, body condition score, fat mass and adipocyte size, hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance, and elevations in serum lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and several species of free fatty acids. Leptin levels increased in dogs fed a high-fat diet but not in control dogs. There were no significant changes in routine clinical chemistry values in either group.
Feeding a high-fat diet for 17 weeks led to potentially deleterious changes in metabolism similar to those seen in natural aging in dogs, including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. A high-fat diet model may provide insights into the similar metabolic dysfunction that occurs during natural aging.
本研究的目的是描述高脂饮食在身体成分、胰岛素水平和敏感性、血脂以及其他与自然衰老时发生的代谢功能障碍相关的关键生物标志物方面所引起的变化。
24只3至7岁的雄性比格犬，去势状态混合。
在2021年12月1日至2022年4月28日期间，将犬随机分配，一组继续每日两次喂食它们之前食用的商业成年维持日粮（n = 12，包括2只未去势的），另一组喂食高脂日粮（12只，包括2只未去势的），为期17周。评估包括身体成分（体重、身体状况评分以及通过氘富集测定的脂肪量）、临床化学指标、血浆脂肪酸定量、口服葡萄糖耐量试验以及皮下和内脏脂肪活检样本的组织学检查。
高脂饮食导致体重增加、身体状况评分升高、脂肪量和脂肪细胞大小增加、高胰岛素血症和外周胰岛素抵抗，以及血清脂质升高，包括胆固醇、甘油三酯和几种游离脂肪酸。喂食高脂日粮的犬瘦素水平升高，而对照组犬则未升高。两组的常规临床化学指标均无显著变化。
喂食高脂日粮17周导致了与犬自然衰老时相似的潜在有害代谢变化，包括高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常。高脂饮食模型可能为自然衰老过程中发生的类似代谢功能障碍提供见解。
