Amaral Andressa Rodrigues, Annibale Vendramini Thiago Henrique, de Oliveira Natália Manuela Cardoso, Lima Laís Oyama Cotrim, Marchi Pedro Henrique, Brunetto Marcio Antonio, Balieiro Júlio Cesar de Carvalho
Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2025 Aug 25;20(8):e0330556. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0330556. eCollection 2025.
The limited education in nutrition contributes to the spread of the "nutritionism" phenomenon, with unfounded concerns about certain diets, such as commercial hypoallergenic ones, and their supposed relationship with the development of dyslipidemia. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of veterinarians on the subject and test its veracity. For this, serum triglyceride and cholesterol data from 35 dogs were analyzed before and after consumption of a commercial hypoallergenic diet for 60 days. In addition, a survey was carried out with veterinarians to assess their beliefs about this diet. Finally, the fat content of commercial maintenance, light and other prescription diets were compared to that of 10 commercial hypoallergenic dog diets. The results showed that most veterinarians believed that hypoallergenic diets could cause dyslipidemia and has too much fat. The analysis showed that hypoallergenic diets have fat content in the range of maintenance diets and majority of prescription diets. Fat content of hypoallergenic diets was only higher than light diets and supporting diets for diabetes available in Brazil. Laboratory analysis identified no dogs with dyslipidemia development during the study. Therefore, hypoallergenic diets do not have a high fat content, but new studies should verify if, when used for prolonged periods, hypoallergenic would lead to dyslipidemia in healthy dogs or dogs with underlying diseases, as well as possible changes in the lipoprotein profile.
营养教育的匮乏助长了“营养主义”现象的蔓延，人们无端担忧某些特定饮食，比如商业低敏饮食，以及它们与血脂异常发展之间所谓的关联。本研究旨在评估兽医对该主题的认知并检验其真实性。为此，分析了35只犬在食用一种商业低敏饮食60天前后的血清甘油三酯和胆固醇数据。此外，还对兽医进行了一项调查，以评估他们对这种饮食的看法。最后，将商业维持性、低热量及其他处方饮食的脂肪含量与10种商业低敏犬粮的脂肪含量进行了比较。结果显示，大多数兽医认为低敏饮食会导致血脂异常且脂肪含量过高。分析表明，低敏饮食的脂肪含量处于维持性饮食和大多数处方饮食的范围内。低敏饮食的脂肪含量仅高于巴西市面上的低热量饮食以及糖尿病辅助饮食。实验室分析未发现研究期间有犬出现血脂异常。因此，低敏饮食脂肪含量并不高，但新的研究应验证长期使用低敏饮食是否会导致健康犬或患有基础疾病的犬出现血脂异常，以及脂蛋白谱是否可能发生变化。
