McKenzie Brennen A
Loyal-Veterinary Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Jul-Aug;39(4):e70159. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70159.
A consistent and important feature of biological aging is the change in the types and functions of cells comprising the immune system. Across various mammalian species, this change follows consistent patterns, including diminished protective capacity, leading to increased vulnerability to infectious disease, and increased low-grade chronic inflammation, raising the risk of numerous aging-associated diseases. Although these patterns are well characterized in rodents and humans, there is less evidence available in companion animal species. The most recent review of the literature evaluating aging changes in the immune system in dogs and cats was published in 2010. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the currently available information concerning immune system aging in these species and to review what is known about the clinical consequences of this process and about potential strategies for mitigation.
生物衰老的一个持续且重要的特征是构成免疫系统的细胞类型和功能发生变化。在各种哺乳动物物种中，这种变化遵循一致的模式，包括保护能力下降，导致对传染病的易感性增加，以及低度慢性炎症增加，从而增加了许多与衰老相关疾病的风险。尽管这些模式在啮齿动物和人类中已有充分描述，但在伴侣动物物种中的证据较少。最近一篇评估狗和猫免疫系统衰老变化的文献综述发表于2010年。本叙述性综述的目的是总结目前关于这些物种免疫系统衰老的可用信息，并回顾关于这一过程的临床后果以及潜在缓解策略的已知情况。
