Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 27;25(7):3743. doi: 10.3390/ijms25073743.
Root extracts of (AT), a shrub native to China, have been shown to have antiviral and antitumor activities, but the anti-obesity effects of AT aerial parts, mainly the leaves and stems, have not been investigated. This study is the first to investigate the anti-obesity effects and molecular mechanism of AT 70% ethanol extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. Treatment with AT extract inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and decreased the expression of adipogenesis-related genes. AT extract also upregulated the mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. AT administration for 12 weeks reduced body weight and organ weights, including liver, pancreas, and white and brown adipose tissue, and improved plasma profiles such as glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol in HFD-fed mice. AT extract reduced HFD-induced hepatic steatosis with levels of liver TG and lipogenesis-related genes. AT extract upregulated thermogenesis-related genes such as , , , , , and and mitochondrial dynamics-related genes such as , , and in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Therefore, AT extract effectively reduced obesity by promoting thermogenesis and the mitochondrial dynamics of BAT in HFD-fed mice.
（AT）的根提取物是一种原产于中国的灌木，已被证明具有抗病毒和抗肿瘤活性，但 AT 地上部分（主要是叶子和茎）的抗肥胖作用尚未得到研究。本研究首次探讨了 AT70%乙醇提取物在 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞和高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养的 C57BL/6J 小鼠中的抗肥胖作用及其分子机制。AT 提取物处理抑制了 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂质积累，并降低了脂肪生成相关基因的表达。AT 提取物还上调了 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中线粒体动力学相关基因的 mRNA 表达。AT 给药 12 周可降低体重和器官重量，包括肝脏、胰腺、白色和棕色脂肪组织，并改善 HFD 喂养小鼠的血浆谱，如葡萄糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估、甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇。AT 提取物可减少 HFD 诱导的肝脂肪变性，降低肝 TG 和脂肪生成相关基因的水平。AT 提取物上调了棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中与产热相关的基因，如 、 、 、 、 和 ，以及与线粒体动力学相关的基因，如 、 和 。因此，AT 提取物通过促进 HFD 喂养小鼠的 BAT 产热和线粒体动力学，有效减轻肥胖。
