Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Nutrients. 2024 Mar 27;16(7):975. doi: 10.3390/nu16070975.
Selenium is an essential trace element that exists in inorganic forms (selenite and selenates) and organic forms (selenoamino acids, seleno peptides, and selenoproteins). Selenium is known to aid in the function of the immune system for populations where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is endemic, as studies suggest that a lack of selenium is associated with a higher risk of mortality among those with HIV. In a recent study conducted in Zambia, adults had a median plasma selenium concentration of 0.27 μmol/L (IQR 0.14-0.43). Concentrations consistent with deficiency (<0.63 μmol/L) were found in 83% of adults. With these results, it can be clearly seen that selenium levels in Southern Africa should be investigated to ensure the good health of both livestock and humans. The recommended selenium dietary requirement of most domesticated livestock is 0.3 mg Se/kg, and in humans above 19 years, anRDA (recommended daily allowance) of 55 mcg Se/per dayisis recommended, but most of the research findings of Southern African countries have recorded low levels. With research findings showing alarming low levels of selenium in soils, humans, and raw feed materials in Southern Africa, further research will be vital in answering questions on how best to improve the selenium status of Southern African soils and plants for livestock and humans to attain sufficient quantities.
硒是一种必需的微量元素，存在于无机形式（亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐）和有机形式（硒代氨基酸、硒肽和硒蛋白）中。研究表明，缺硒与 HIV 感染者的死亡率较高有关，因此，在 HIV 流行的人群中，硒有助于免疫系统的功能。在赞比亚最近进行的一项研究中，成年人的血浆硒中位数浓度为 0.27 μmol/L（IQR 0.14-0.43）。83%的成年人存在浓度与缺乏症一致的硒水平（<0.63 μmol/L）。根据这些结果，可以清楚地看出，应该调查南部非洲的硒水平，以确保牲畜和人类的健康。大多数驯化牲畜的推荐硒膳食需求为 0.3mg Se/kg，19 岁以上的人类推荐的每日允许摄入量（RDA）为 55 mcg Se/天，但大多数南部非洲国家的研究结果都记录了低水平的硒。研究结果显示，南部非洲的土壤、人类和生饲料中的硒含量低得惊人，因此，进一步的研究对于回答如何最好地提高南部非洲土壤和植物的硒状况，以确保牲畜和人类获得足够数量的硒至关重要。
