Pant Pooja, Negi Ankit, Rawat Jyoti, Kumar Rishendra
Department of Biotechnology, Sir J. C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, India.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be) University, Dehradun, 248002, India.
Int Microbiol. 2025 May;28(Suppl 1):91-109. doi: 10.1007/s10123-024-00520-y. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
Microorganisms have become more resistant to pesticides, which increases their ability to invade and infect crops resulting in decreased crop productivity. The rhizosphere plays a crucial role in protecting plants from harmful invaders. The purpose of the study was to investigate the antagonistic efficiency of indigenous rhizospheric fungal isolates against phytopathogens of M. uniflorum plants so that they could be further used as potent Biocontrol agents. Thirty rhizospheric fungal isolates were collected from the roots of the Macrotyloma uniflorum plant and initially described morphologically for the present study. Further, in vitro tests were conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of these strains against four myco-phytopathogens namely Macrophamina phaseolina, Phomopsis sp. PhSFX-1, Nigrospora oryzae, and Boeremia exigua. These pathogens are known to infect the same crop plant, M. uniflorum, and cause declines in crop productivity. Fifteen fungal strains out of the thirty fungal isolates showed some partial antagonistic activity against the myco-phytopathogens. The potent fungal isolates were further identified using molecular techniques, specifically based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing. Penicillium mallochii, Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, Aspergillus chevalieri, Epicoccum nigrum, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Mucor irregularis were among the strains that were identified. These potent fungal strains showed effective antagonistic activity against harmful phytopathogens. Current findings suggest that these strains may be taken into consideration as synthetic fungicides which are frequently employed to manage plant diseases alternatives.
微生物对农药的抗性增强，这提高了它们侵入和感染作物的能力，导致作物产量下降。根际在保护植物免受有害入侵者侵害方面起着关键作用。本研究的目的是调查本地根际真菌分离株对单花豆植物病原菌的拮抗效率，以便它们能够进一步用作有效的生物防治剂。从单花豆植物的根部收集了30株根际真菌分离株，并对其进行了初步形态学描述以用于本研究。此外，还进行了体外试验，以评估这些菌株对四种真菌病原菌的抗真菌活性，这四种病原菌分别是菜豆壳球孢、拟茎点霉PhSFX - 1、稻黑孢和瓜亡革菌。已知这些病原菌会感染同一种作物单花豆，并导致作物产量下降。30株真菌分离株中有15株对真菌病原菌表现出一定的部分拮抗活性。使用分子技术，特别是基于内转录间隔区（ITS）区域测序，进一步鉴定了强效真菌分离株。鉴定出的菌株包括马洛氏青霉、假枝孢、谢瓦利埃曲霉、黑附球菌、绿僵菌和不规则毛霉。这些强效真菌菌株对有害植物病原菌表现出有效的拮抗活性。目前的研究结果表明，这些菌株可被视为经常用于防治植物病害的合成杀菌剂的替代品。
