Mazur-Skupowska Magdalena, Byrka Katarzyna
SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland.
Health Psychol Rep. 2023 Sep 6;12(2):112-123. doi: 10.5114/hpr/169474. eCollection 2024.
Compensatory health beliefs may serve as one of many self-regulatory strategies that individuals employ to maintain healthy lifestyles. Past research with samples from a general population has shown, however, that compensatory beliefs are ineffective in this regard and may even lead to inaction in future health-related behaviors such as eating healthily or being active. To better understand this phenomenon, in the present study, changes in compensatory health beliefs regarding various life domains were examined in a group of pregnant women.
In a longitudinal study design, 166 women completed questionnaires in the first (t), the second (t), and the third (t) trimester of their pregnancies. We assessed the level of their self-control as a trait (t, t, t), compensatory health beliefs (t, t, t), and unhealthy snacking (t).
As predicted, self-control as a trait decreased and the levels of compensatory beliefs increased over time. A linear mixed effects analysis showed that self-control was the best predictor of compensatory beliefs in the third trimester. Finally, compensatory health beliefs in the third trimester mediated the effect of self-control at the beginning of pregnancy on unhealthy snacking in the third trimester.
It appears important to support pregnant women in opting for constructive self-regulatory strategies, especially in their final trimesters, when coping resources are exhausted by the challenges of this period.
补偿性健康信念可能是个体用来维持健康生活方式的众多自我调节策略之一。然而，过去对普通人群样本的研究表明，补偿性信念在这方面是无效的，甚至可能导致未来在诸如健康饮食或积极锻炼等与健康相关行为上的不作为。为了更好地理解这一现象，在本研究中，我们对一组孕妇在各个生活领域的补偿性健康信念变化进行了考察。
在一项纵向研究设计中，166名女性在孕期的第一个（t1）、第二个（t2）和第三个（t3）阶段完成了问卷调查。我们评估了她们作为一种特质的自我控制水平（t1、t2、t3）、补偿性健康信念（t1、t2、t3）以及不健康零食摄入情况（t3）。
正如预期的那样，随着时间推移，作为一种特质的自我控制水平下降，补偿性信念水平上升。线性混合效应分析表明，自我控制是孕晚期补偿性信念的最佳预测指标。最后，孕晚期的补偿性健康信念介导了孕早期自我控制对孕晚期不健康零食摄入的影响。
支持孕妇选择建设性的自我调节策略似乎很重要，尤其是在孕期最后阶段，此时应对资源因这一时期的挑战而耗尽。
