Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2024 Aug;38(5):563-577. doi: 10.1037/adb0000969. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
Decades of research has found support for the motivational model of alcohol use at the between-person level, yet research on event-level drinking motives is in its nascent stage. Similarly, drinking context has been largely ignored in studies of day-level motives. Therefore, the present study sought to test whether drinking context mediates the relation between affect and motivation on drinking outcomes at both day and person levels.
Emerging adults who drank in solitary and social settings (N = 107; 61.2% female) completed 21 days ecological momentary assessments. Affect was assessed during morning/afternoon reports; drinking motives were assessed during afternoon reports; and past-night drinking context, drinking quantity, and negative consequences were assessed during next morning reports. Two-level multilevel structural equation models tested whether within-person and between-person levels of predrinking affect were indirectly associated with negative consequences through predrinking motives, drinking context (social vs. solitary), and drinking quantity.
At the day and person levels, positive affect was associated with higher social and enhancement motives. At the day level, positive affect indirectly predicted consequences through social motives, social (vs. solitary) drinking, and drinking quantity, whereas positive affect indirectly predicted consequences through enhancement motives and drinking quantity above and beyond context. At the day and person levels, negative affect was associated with coping motives, but coping was not associated with context, drinking quantity, nor consequences.
Findings suggest that positive affect was linked to drinking outcomes through motives (enhancement and social) and contexts (social), whereas negative affect was not. Findings suggest that positively valenced drinking motives may be an important just-in-time intervention target. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
几十年来的研究在个体间水平上发现了支持酒精使用动机模型的证据，但关于事件水平饮酒动机的研究还处于起步阶段。同样，在关于日水平动机的研究中，饮酒情境在很大程度上被忽视了。因此，本研究旨在检验在日水平和个体水平上，饮酒情境是否在情绪和动机与饮酒结果之间的关系中起中介作用。
在 21 天的生态瞬间评估中，参加者包括在独处和社交环境中饮酒的成年早期个体（N = 107；61.2%为女性）。在上午/下午的报告中评估情绪；在下午的报告中评估饮酒动机；在第二天早上的报告中评估前一晚的饮酒情境、饮酒量和负面后果。两层多水平结构方程模型检验了个体内和个体间的预饮酒情绪是否通过预饮酒动机、饮酒情境（社交与独处）和饮酒量间接与负面后果相关。
在日水平和个体水平上，积极情绪与更高的社交和增强动机相关。在日水平上，积极情绪通过社交动机、社交（与独处）饮酒和饮酒量间接预测后果，而积极情绪通过增强动机和饮酒量间接预测后果，超出了情境的影响。在日水平和个体水平上，消极情绪与应对动机相关，但应对动机与情境、饮酒量和后果无关。
研究结果表明，积极情绪与通过动机（增强和社交）和情境（社交）的饮酒结果有关，而消极情绪则没有。研究结果表明，积极的饮酒动机可能是一个重要的即时干预目标。
