Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2023 Jun;31(3):621-632. doi: 10.1037/pha0000600. Epub 2022 Sep 15.
Day-level drinking motives are associated with intensity of drinking and occurrence of negative consequences. However, little is known about how day-level drinking motives relate to alcohol craving, an approach-oriented motivational state proximal to continued drinking. This study tested whether day-level (and between-person) drinking motives were associated with craving during drinking episodes and whether this effect varied by drinking-induced changes in negative/positive affect (PA). Emerging adults ( = 114) took part in up to two waves of 21-day ecological momentary assessments. Participants reported positive/negative affect (NA) prior to and during drinking episodes, drinking motives at beginning of episodes, and craving during all drink reports. Analyses tested whether day-level and between-person (aggregated) drinking motives were associated with heightened craving and whether any effects on craving were moderated by drinking-induced changes in affect. A significant interaction emerged for day-level coping by negative affect, such that higher-than-average coping was associated with less drinking-induced craving when negative affect decreased relative to predrinking levels. However, interactions of between-person coping by negative and positive affect also emerged, such that higher person-level coping was associated with more drinking-induced craving when negative affect and positive affect increased. Day-level and between-person conformity motives by negative affect interactions were also detected, such that higher day-level and between-person conformity motives were associated with more drinking-induced craving when negative affect decreased. Relations between day-level motivation and craving may be sensitive to changes in negative/positive affect while drinking. Future research is needed to differentiate mechanisms through which person-level versus day-level motives relate to craving. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
日间饮酒动机与饮酒强度和负面后果的发生有关。然而，对于日间饮酒动机与酒精渴求（一种接近继续饮酒的趋近性动机状态）之间的关系，我们知之甚少。本研究检验了日间（和个体间）饮酒动机是否与饮酒期间的渴求有关，以及这种效应是否因饮酒引起的正负情绪变化而有所不同。成年早期参与者（n = 114）参加了多达两轮 21 天的生态瞬间评估。参与者在饮酒前和饮酒期间报告了正负情绪（NA）、饮酒开始时的动机以及所有饮酒报告中的渴求。分析检验了日间和个体间（聚合）饮酒动机是否与更高的渴求有关，以及对渴求的任何影响是否因饮酒引起的情绪变化而有所不同。日间应对与负性情绪之间出现了显著的交互作用，即当负性情绪相对于饮酒前水平下降时，高于平均水平的应对与较低的饮酒诱导性渴求有关。然而，负性和正性情绪的个体间应对的交互作用也出现了，即当负性和正性情绪增加时，更高的个体间应对与更多的饮酒诱导性渴求有关。日间和个体间一致性动机与负性情绪的交互作用也被检测到，即当负性情绪下降时，更高的日间和个体间一致性动机与更多的饮酒诱导性渴求有关。日间动机和渴求之间的关系可能对饮酒时的正负情绪变化敏感。未来的研究需要区分个体水平和日间水平动机与渴求之间的关系机制。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
