Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Environ Health Perspect. 2024 Apr;132(4):47010. doi: 10.1289/EHP13524. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to protect against fine particulate matter in aerodynamic diameter ()-induced hazards. However, limited evidence is available for respiratory health, particularly in pregnant women and their offspring.
We aimed to investigate the association of prenatal exposure to and its chemical components with allergic rhinitis (AR) in children and explore effect modification by maternal erythrocyte PUFAs.
This prospective birth cohort study involved 657 mother-child pairs from Guangzhou, China. Prenatal exposure to residential mass and its components [black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), sulfate (), nitrate (), and ammonium ()] were estimated by an established spatiotemporal model. Maternal erythrocyte PUFAs during pregnancy were measured using gas chromatography. The diagnosis of AR and report of AR symptoms in children were assessed up to 2 years of age. We used Cox regression with the quantile-based g-computation approach to assess the individual and joint effects of components and examine the modification effects of maternal PUFA levels.
Approximately and 8.07% of children had AR and related symptoms, respectively. The average concentration of prenatal was . was positively associated with the risk of developing AR [hazard ratio ; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 2.96 per ] and its symptoms (; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.62 per ) after adjustment for confounders. Similar associations were observed between individual components and AR outcomes. Each quintile change in a mixture of components was associated with an adjusted HR of 3.73 (95% CI: 1.80, 7.73) and 2.69 (95% CI: 1.55, 4.67) for AR and AR symptoms, with BC accounting for the largest contribution. Higher levels of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and lower levels of n-6 linoleic acid showed alleviating effects on AR symptoms risk associated with exposure to and its components.
Prenatal exposure to and its chemical components, particularly BC, was associated with AR/symptoms in early childhood. We highlight that PUFA biomarkers could modify the adverse effects of on respiratory allergy. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13524.
多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）已被证明可以预防空气动力学直径（）细颗粒物引起的危害。然而，关于呼吸健康的证据有限，特别是在孕妇及其后代中。
我们旨在研究产前暴露于和其化学成分与儿童过敏性鼻炎（AR）的关联，并探讨母体红细胞 PUFAs 的效应修饰作用。
本前瞻性出生队列研究纳入了来自中国广州的 657 对母婴。通过建立的时空模型来估计住宅和其成分（黑碳（BC）、有机物（OM）、硫酸盐（）、硝酸盐（）和铵（））的产前暴露情况。孕期母体红细胞 PUFAs 采用气相色谱法测定。在 2 岁之前，通过 Cox 回归和基于分位数的 g 计算方法评估 AR 的诊断和儿童 AR 症状的报告。
大约和 8.07%的儿童患有 AR 和相关症状。产前的平均浓度为。调整混杂因素后，发现产前暴露于与 AR 的发病风险呈正相关[风险比（HR）；95%置信区间（CI）：每增加 1.16，2.96]及其症状（；95%CI：每增加 1.22，2.62）。个别和成分与 AR 结果之间也存在类似的关联。成分混合物每五分位变化与调整后的 HR 相关，分别为 3.73（95%CI：1.80，7.73）和 2.69（95%CI：1.55，4.67），BC 占比最大。较高水平的 n-3 二十二碳五烯酸和较低水平的 n-6 亚油酸对 AR 症状风险与暴露于和其成分相关的风险有缓解作用。
产前暴露于和其化学成分，特别是 BC，与儿童早期的 AR/症状有关。我们强调，PUFA 生物标志物可以修饰与暴露于和其成分相关的呼吸道过敏的不良影响。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13524.
