Piontkowski Emily, Richter Hannah, Bischof Jonas, Herrmann Anja, Preiser Christine, Häske David, Joos Stefanie, Rieger Monika A
Zentrum für öffentliches Gesundheitswesen und Versorgungsforschung (ZÖGV), Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Gesundheitswesen. 2024 Aug;86(8-09):559-566. doi: 10.1055/a-2308-7059. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
One aim of the pact for the Public Health Service ("Pakt für den ÖGD") is to increase scientific activity in the Public Health Service (PHS). This study deals with the question, which methods related to health services research are known and applied in the PHS and which methods are needed by PHS employees in the federal state Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Guideline-based interviews (focus group and individual interviews) were conducted with 12 persons at different hierarchy levels from public health departments in Baden-Württemberg. The interviews were subjected to content analysis acording to Kuckartz.
The interviewees described their heterogeneous needs as well as their methodological competences. Staff members expressed existing competences more frequently than leaders. These competencies included those used in everyday work such as literature research in routinely collected data (e. g., school entry examination), or different methods for data analysis. Needs seemed to exist primarily in the area of data analysis and collection, but were also expressed in the area of basic scientific methods. Topics relating to guidelines for good scientific practice (e. g., ethics proposals) and publications were also rather less known. A need for a support from research institutions or higher authorities was frequently mentioned. In addition, motivation and barriers for research in public health departments were mentioned.
This study shows that existing methodological competencies and needs are heterogeneous and can be attributed to the heterogeneous backgrounds and fields of activity of the interviewees. Competencies are indicated, for example, in literature research and analysis of existing data. There is a need in methods, for example, of data collection/analysis as well as in basic scientific methods and deepening of existing skills. Furthermore support offers regarding scientific methodological competence for public health departments are required. There is also a lack of research infrastructure (e. g. software, access to literature) and a legal basis. The results can serve as a basis for the design of demand-oriented methodological programs for employees of the PHS in Baden-Württemberg.
公共卫生服务协议（“Pakt für den ÖGD”）的一个目标是提高公共卫生服务（PHS）中的科研活动。本研究探讨了与卫生服务研究相关的哪些方法在德国巴登 - 符腾堡州的公共卫生服务中为人所知并得到应用，以及该州公共卫生服务部门的员工需要哪些方法。
对巴登 - 符腾堡州公共卫生部门不同层级的12人进行了基于指南的访谈（焦点小组访谈和个人访谈）。访谈采用库卡尔茨的内容分析法进行分析。
受访者描述了他们不同的需求以及方法能力。工作人员比领导更频繁地表达了现有的能力。这些能力包括日常工作中使用的能力，如对常规收集数据（如入学考试）进行文献研究，或不同的数据分析方法。需求似乎主要存在于数据分析和收集领域，但在基础科学方法领域也有体现。与良好科研实践指南（如伦理提案）和出版物相关的主题也不太为人所知。经常提到需要研究机构或上级部门的支持。此外，还提到了公共卫生部门开展研究的动机和障碍。
本研究表明，现有的方法能力和需求是多种多样的，这可归因于受访者不同的背景和活动领域。例如，在文献研究和现有数据分析方面体现出了能力。在方法方面存在需求，例如数据收集/分析方法以及基础科学方法和现有技能的深化。此外，需要为公共卫生部门提供有关科学方法能力的支持。还缺乏研究基础设施（如软件、文献获取途径）和法律依据。研究结果可为巴登 - 符腾堡州公共卫生服务部门员工设计以需求为导向的方法培训项目提供依据。
