与儿童疟疾风险相关的因素：2021 年尼日利亚疟疾指标调查分析。
Factors associated with the risk of malaria among children: analysis of 2021 Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey.
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Nutrition and Public Health, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Department of Statistics and Applied Planning, School of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
出版信息
Malar J. 2024 Apr 17;23(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s12936-024-04939-6.
BACKGROUND
Malaria remains a burden globally, with the African region accounting for 94% of the overall disease burden and deaths in 2019. It is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in Nigeria. Though different environmental factors have been assessed to influence the distribution and transmission of malaria vectors, there is a shortage of information on how they may influence malaria transmission among under-fives in Nigeria.
METHODS
This study was based on the secondary data analysis of the Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey 2021. The study sample comprised 10,645 women (aged 15-49) who delivered a child in the 2 years preceding the survey. The study was restricted to under-fives. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the risk of malaria.
RESULTS
There was a positive association between the risk of malaria and heard/seen malaria messages in the last 6 months (AOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.19-1.62), houses with walls built using rudimentary materials (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.04-1.83), at least 6 children living in the house (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.00-1.49), children being 1 or 2 years old was associated with increased odds (AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.50-2.34 and AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.52-2.36), children from households with only treated nets (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04-1.46) and those from the North West or South East regions (AOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.10-2.05 and AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01-2.16), respectively. All other predictors were not associated with the risk of malaria.
CONCLUSION
The factors associated with the risk of malaria in this study included sleeping under treated mosquito nets, the age of the children, residing in the northwest and southeast regions, wall construction material, 6 children and above in the household and hearing/seen malaria messages in the last 6 months. Continuous health education and public health interventions, such as the provision of LLITNs, will reduce the risk of malaria and improve the health and well-being of children under 5 years of age.
背景
疟疾仍然是全球的负担，非洲区域占总疾病负担和 2019 年死亡人数的 94%。它是尼日利亚儿童发病率和死亡率的主要原因。尽管已经评估了不同的环境因素会影响疟疾媒介的分布和传播，但关于它们如何影响尼日利亚五岁以下儿童疟疾传播的信息仍然不足。
方法
本研究基于 2021 年尼日利亚疟疾指标调查的二次数据分析。研究样本包括 10645 名在调查前 2 年内分娩的 15-49 岁妇女。研究仅限于五岁以下儿童。使用逻辑回归来确定与疟疾风险相关的因素。
结果
在过去 6 个月内听到/看到疟疾信息（AOR 1.39，95%CI 1.19-1.62）、房屋墙壁使用简陋材料建造（AOR=1.38，95%CI 1.04-1.83）、房屋内至少有 6 个孩子居住（AOR 1.22，95%CI 1.00-1.49）与疟疾风险呈正相关，1 岁或 2 岁的儿童患病风险增加（AOR 1.89，95%CI 1.50-2.34 和 AOR 1.89，95%CI 1.52-2.36），来自只有经过处理的蚊帐家庭的儿童（AOR 1.23，95%CI 1.04-1.46）和来自西北或东南地区的儿童（AOR 1.50，95%CI 1.10-2.05 和 AOR 1.48，95%CI 1.01-2.16）。所有其他预测因素均与疟疾风险无关。
结论
本研究中与疟疾风险相关的因素包括使用经过处理的蚊帐睡眠、儿童年龄、居住在西北部和东南部地区、墙壁建筑材料、家庭中有 6 个或更多孩子以及在过去 6 个月内听到/看到疟疾信息。持续的健康教育和公共卫生干预措施，如提供长效驱虫蚊帐，将降低疟疾风险，改善 5 岁以下儿童的健康和福祉。
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