Liu Xinyu, Lyu Dongxun, Merlet Céline, Leesmith Matthew J A, Hua Xiao, Xu Zhen, Grey Clare P, Forse Alexander C
Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, Cedex 9, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Science. 2024 Apr 19;384(6693):321-325. doi: 10.1126/science.adn6242. Epub 2024 Apr 18.
The difficulty in characterizing the complex structures of nanoporous carbon electrodes has led to a lack of clear design principles with which to improve supercapacitors. Pore size has long been considered the main lever to improve capacitance. However, our evaluation of a large series of commercial nanoporous carbons finds a lack of correlation between pore size and capacitance. Instead, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements and simulations reveal a strong correlation between structural disorder in the electrodes and capacitance. More disordered carbons with smaller graphene-like domains show higher capacitances owing to the more efficient storage of ions in their nanopores. Our findings suggest ways to understand and exploit disorder to achieve highly energy-dense supercapacitors.
表征纳米多孔碳电极的复杂结构存在困难，这导致缺乏用于改进超级电容器的明确设计原则。长期以来，孔径一直被视为提高电容的主要手段。然而，我们对大量商用纳米多孔碳的评估发现，孔径与电容之间缺乏相关性。相反，核磁共振光谱测量和模拟结果表明，电极中的结构无序与电容之间存在很强的相关性。具有较小类石墨烯域的无序程度更高的碳由于其纳米孔中离子存储效率更高而表现出更高的电容。我们的研究结果提出了理解和利用无序性以实现高能量密度超级电容器的方法。
