Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Basic and Applied Science, School of Engineering and Science, G.D Goenka University, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 May;268(Pt 1):131644. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131644. Epub 2024 Apr 18.
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. Diabetes complications can affect many organs and systems in the body. Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) contains various compounds that have been studied for their potential antidiabetic effects, including polysaccharides, triterpenoids (ganoderic acids, ganoderol B), proteoglycans, and G. lucidum extracts. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) and triterpenoids have been shown to act through distinct mechanisms, such as improving glucose metabolism, modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) system, inhibiting the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, and protecting the pancreatic beta cells. While GLPs exhibit a significant role in controlling diabetic nephropathy and other associated complications. This review states the G. lucidum antidiabetic mechanisms of action and potential biologically active compounds that contribute to diabetes management and associated complications. To make G. lucidum an appropriate replacement for the treatment of diabetes with fewer side effects, more study is required to completely comprehend the number of physiologically active compounds present in it as well as the underlying cellular mechanisms that influence their effects on diabetes.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病。糖尿病并发症会影响身体的许多器官和系统。灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）含有多种化合物，这些化合物的潜在降血糖作用已被研究，包括多糖、三萜类化合物（灵芝酸、灵芝醇 B）、糖胺聚糖和灵芝提取物。灵芝多糖（GLPs）和三萜类化合物已被证明通过不同的机制发挥作用，例如改善葡萄糖代谢、调节丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）系统、抑制核因子-κB（NF-κB）途径和保护胰岛β细胞。而 GLPs 在控制糖尿病肾病和其他相关并发症方面发挥着重要作用。本综述阐述了灵芝降血糖的作用机制和潜在的生物活性化合物，这些化合物有助于糖尿病的管理和相关并发症的治疗。为了使灵芝成为治疗糖尿病的一种合适的替代品，减少副作用，需要进一步研究，以全面了解其中存在的具有生理活性的化合物数量，以及影响其对糖尿病作用的潜在细胞机制。
