Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Oct 5;260:113047. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113047. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been broadly used for health endorsement as well as longevity for over 2000 years in Asian countries. It is an example of an ancient remedy and known as immortality mushroom. It has been employed as a health promoting agent owing to its broad pharmacological and therapeutical approaches. It has been confirmed that G. lucidum exhibits significant potency to prevent and treat different types of cancers such as breast, prostate, colon, lung and cervical.
To explore anticancer effects of various pharmacologically active compounds obtained from G. lucidum and their possible mechanism of action.
A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Goggle Scholar, Saudi Digital Library and Cochrane Library until October 11, 2019. Search was made by using keywords such as anticancer evidence, mechanism of action, pharmacology, antioxidant, toxicity, chemotherapy, triterpenoids and polysaccharides of G. lucidum.
Various chemical compounds from G. lucidum exhibit anticancer properties mainly through diverse mechanism such as cytotoxic properties, host immunomodulators, metabolizing enzymes induction, prohibit the expression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in cancer cells. Among the various compounds of G. lucidum triterpenoids and polysaccharides are under the major consideration of studies due to their several evidence of preclinical and clinical studies against cancer.
Natural alternatives associated with mild side effects are the basic human need of present therapy to eradicate the new emerging disorders. This review is an attempt to compile pharmacologically active compounds of G. lucidum those exhibit anti cancer effects either alone or along with chemotherapy and anticancer mechanisms against various cancer cells, clinical trials, chemotherapy induced toxicity challenges with limitations. It acts as a possible substitute to combat cancer growth with advance and conventional combination therapies as natural alternatives.
灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）在亚洲国家被广泛用于健康促进和长寿已有 2000 多年的历史。它是一种古老的疗法的代表，被称为“不朽蘑菇”。由于其广泛的药理和治疗作用，它被用作促进健康的药物。已经证实灵芝具有显著的预防和治疗多种类型癌症的功效，如乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌和宫颈癌。
探索从灵芝中获得的各种具有药理活性的化合物的抗癌作用及其可能的作用机制。
使用 PubMed、Goggle Scholar、沙特数字图书馆和 Cochrane 图书馆进行文献检索，检索时间截至 2019 年 10 月 11 日。使用关键词如抗癌证据、作用机制、药理学、抗氧化剂、毒性、化疗、灵芝三萜和多糖等进行搜索。
灵芝的各种化学化合物主要通过不同的机制表现出抗癌特性，如细胞毒性、宿主免疫调节剂、代谢酶诱导、抑制癌细胞中尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物（uPA）和尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物受体（uPAR）的表达。在灵芝的各种化合物中，三萜类和多糖类由于其在癌症防治方面的大量临床前和临床研究证据，受到了更多的关注。
与轻微副作用相关的天然替代品是目前人类治疗新出现疾病的基本需求。本综述试图汇编灵芝中具有抗癌作用的药理活性化合物，无论是单独使用还是与化疗联合使用，以及针对各种癌细胞的抗癌机制、临床试验、化疗诱导的毒性挑战，都存在一定的局限性。它可以作为一种可能的替代物，与先进和常规的联合疗法一起对抗癌症的生长。
