Schneider Kristian Nikolaus, Zafeiris Theodoros, Gosheger Georg, Klingebiel Sebastian, Rickert Carolin, Schachtrup Tim, Theil Christoph
Department of Orthopaedics and Tumor Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2024 Jun;32(6):1591-1598. doi: 10.1002/ksa.12199. Epub 2024 Apr 21.
Injuries exert a detrimental impact on the team performance in professional football. Shoulder dislocations are known for their severity and often cause substantial lay-off times. However, there is a notable gap in the general understanding regarding the frequency and convalescence of these events in professional football. Thus, the aims of this study were (1) to determine the incidence, (2) to evaluate return to competition (RTC) and redislocation events (RDEs) and (3) to identify relevant player-, match- and injury-related parameters.
All shoulder dislocations within the highest three German football leagues (1.-3. Bundesliga) during the seasons 2012/2013 until 2022/2023 were identified. Player-, injury- and match-related data were obtained by performing a media analysis. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. p Value was set at 0.05.
A total of 90 first-time shoulder dislocations in 89 players with a median age of 25 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23-28) were available for analysis. The incidence was 9.1 per 1000 Bundesliga matches played and increased over time. Forty-four (49%) shoulder dislocations were treated conservatively and 46 (51%) operatively. Median RTC was 24 days (IQR: 12-43) following conservative and 103 days (IQR: 85-135) following surgical treatment (p < 0.001). Twenty-two (24%) players suffered a redislocation, of whom 13 (59%) underwent initial conservative and nine (41%) initial surgical treatment (not significant [n.s.]). RDE following conservative treatment was after a median of 4 months (IQR: 2-22) and 7 months (IQR: 3-23) following surgical treatment (n.s.).
The incidence of shoulder dislocation within professional football is increasing and currently amounts to 9.1 per 1000 matches played. A conservative treatment leads to a quicker RTC, while frequency and time to RDE were similar regardless of treatment. The increasing incidence of shoulder dislocations in professional football necessitates an analysis of relevant injury mechanisms and the implementation of specific preventive measures.
Level III.
损伤会对职业足球的球队表现产生不利影响。肩关节脱位以其严重性著称，且常常导致较长的休赛期。然而，对于职业足球中这些事件的发生频率和康复情况，人们的普遍认知存在显著差距。因此，本研究的目的是：（1）确定发病率；（2）评估重返比赛（RTC）和再脱位事件（RDE）；（3）识别与球员、比赛和损伤相关的参数。
确定了2012/2013赛季至2022/2023赛季德国最高的三个足球联赛（德甲1 - 3级）内所有的肩关节脱位情况。通过媒体分析获取与球员、损伤和比赛相关的数据。使用描述性统计方法对数据进行分析。p值设定为0.05。
共有89名球员发生了90次首次肩关节脱位，中位年龄为25岁（四分位间距[IQR]：23 - 28），可供分析。发病率为每1000场德甲比赛9.1例，且随时间增加。44例（49%）肩关节脱位采用保守治疗，46例（51%）采用手术治疗。保守治疗后的中位RTC为24天（IQR：12 - 43），手术治疗后为103天（IQR：85 - 135）（p < 0.001）。22例（24%）球员发生了再脱位，其中13例（59%）最初接受保守治疗，9例（41%）最初接受手术治疗（无显著性差异[n.s.]）。保守治疗后的RDE中位时间为4个月（IQR：2 - 22），手术治疗后为7个月（IQR：3 - 23）（无显著性差异）。
职业足球中肩关节脱位的发病率正在上升，目前为每1000场比赛9.1例。保守治疗可使RTC更快，而无论治疗方式如何，RDE的频率和时间相似。职业足球中肩关节脱位发病率的上升需要对相关损伤机制进行分析，并实施具体的预防措施。
三级。
