de Ronne Maxime, Lapierre Éliana, Torkamaneh Davoud
Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada.
Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 22;14(1):9162. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58931-w.
Cannabis sativa L., previously concealed by prohibition, is now a versatile and promising plant, thanks to recent legalization, opening doors for medical research and industry growth. However, years of prohibition have left the Cannabis research community lagging behind in understanding Cannabis genetics and trait inheritance compared to other major crops. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) of nine key agronomic and morphological traits, using a panel of 176 drug-type Cannabis accessions from the Canadian legal market. Utilizing high-density genotyping-by-sequencing (HD-GBS), we successfully generated dense genotyping data in Cannabis, resulting in a catalog of 800 K genetic variants, of which 282 K common variants were retained for GWAS analysis. Through GWAS analysis, we identified 18 markers significantly associated with agronomic and morphological traits. Several identified markers exert a substantial phenotypic impact, guided us to putative candidate genes that reside in high linkage-disequilibrium (LD) with the markers. These findings lay a solid foundation for an innovative cannabis research, leveraging genetic markers to inform breeding programs aimed at meeting diverse needs in the industry.
大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）此前因被禁而鲜为人知，如今由于近期的合法化，它成为了一种用途广泛且前景广阔的植物，为医学研究和产业发展打开了大门。然而，与其他主要作物相比，多年的禁令使得大麻研究界在理解大麻遗传学和性状遗传方面落后。为了弥补这一差距，我们使用了一组来自加拿大合法市场的176个药用型大麻种质，对九个关键农艺和形态性状进行了全面的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。利用高密度测序基因分型（HD-GBS），我们成功地在大麻中生成了密集的基因分型数据，得到了一个包含80万个遗传变异的目录，其中28.2万个常见变异被保留用于GWAS分析。通过GWAS分析，我们鉴定出18个与农艺和形态性状显著相关的标记。几个已鉴定的标记产生了重大的表型影响，引导我们找到了与这些标记处于高连锁不平衡（LD）状态的假定候选基因。这些发现为创新性大麻研究奠定了坚实基础，利用遗传标记为旨在满足该行业多样化需求的育种计划提供信息。
