Trubanová Nina, Isobe Sachiko, Shirasawa Kenta, Watanabe Akiko, Kelesidis George, Melzer Rainer, Schilling Susanne
School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 11;15(1):8371. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92168-5.
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a versatile crop with substantial potential for creating productive, sustainable, and resilient agricultural systems. However, in contrast to other crops such as cereals, hemp is highly heterozygous, resulting in both challenges and opportunities for agriculture, breeding, and research. Here, we utilise the heterozygosity of hemp to explore the genetic basis of phenotypic variability in a population generated from a single self-pollinated hemp plant. The S1 population shows extensive variability in plant growth, development, and reproductive patterns. Using reduced representation sequencing, selection of alleles heterozygous in the parent plant, and a model originally developed for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we were able to identify statistically significant single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and haplotypes associated with phenotypic traits of interest, such as flowering time or biomass yield. This new approach, which we term genome-specific association study (GSAS), enables the mapping of traits in a single generation without the need for a large number of diverse cultivars or samples. GSAS might be applicable to other highly heterozygous vegetable and fruit crops, informing the breeding of new cultivars with enhanced uniformity and improved performance in traits relevant to various applications.
大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）是一种用途广泛的作物，在创建高产、可持续和有韧性的农业系统方面具有巨大潜力。然而，与谷物等其他作物不同，大麻高度杂合，这给农业、育种和研究带来了挑战，也带来了机遇。在此，我们利用大麻的杂合性，探索由一株自花授粉大麻植株产生的群体中表型变异的遗传基础。S1群体在植株生长、发育和繁殖模式方面表现出广泛的变异性。通过简化基因组测序、选择亲本植株中杂合的等位基因，以及最初为全基因组关联研究（GWAS）开发的模型，我们能够鉴定出与感兴趣的表型性状（如开花时间或生物量产量）相关的具有统计学意义的单核苷酸变异（SNV）和单倍型。这种我们称为基因组特异性关联研究（GSAS）的新方法，能够在一代中对性状进行定位，而无需大量不同的品种或样本。GSAS可能适用于其他高度杂合的蔬菜和水果作物，为培育具有更高一致性且在与各种应用相关的性状上表现更优的新品种提供信息。
