Zhong Jianhua, Yang Lijun, Lin Jinhui, Wu Ruifa, Liu Wenguang, Xu Qinfang, Ma Da, Qu Zhibo
Department of Pediatrics, Dongguan Children's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Department of Pathology, Dongguan Children's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Front Pediatr. 2024 Apr 8;12:1369787. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1369787. eCollection 2024.
Neuroglial heterotopia is a rare lesion composed of differentiated neuroectodermal cells that manifest in extracranial locations, with the majority of cases predominantly occurring in the head and neck region. Retroperitoneal neuroglial heterotopia is exceptionally rare, with isolated cases published in the scientific literature.
Here, we present the case of a 3-year-old girl who was admitted without clinical signs but presented with a palpable abdominal mass. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scans revealed a sizable cystic lesion within the retroperitoneal space. Subsequently, laparoscopic resection was performed. Histological examination unveiled neuroglial cell-lined cysts encompassing fibrous connective tissue, ganglia, glial tissue, and nerve bundles. Notably, distinct areas and cell types exhibited expression of S100, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and neuron-specific enolase. Follow-up assessments revealed no relapses or late complications.
In cases of retroperitoneal neuroglial heterotopia, most children may remain asymptomatic without any congenital anomalies. Despite their detectability through imaging, accurate preoperative diagnosis is seldom achieved. Generally, a favorable prognosis follows complete surgical resection, although further cases are required to confirm its long-term efficacy, necessitating extended follow-up for verification.
神经胶质异位是一种罕见的病变，由分化的神经外胚层细胞组成，出现在颅外部位，大多数病例主要发生在头颈部区域。腹膜后神经胶质异位极为罕见，科学文献中仅有个别病例报道。
在此，我们报告一例3岁女孩，入院时无临床症状，但可触及腹部肿块。超声和计算机断层扫描显示腹膜后间隙有一个较大的囊性病变。随后进行了腹腔镜切除术。组织学检查发现神经胶质细胞内衬的囊肿，包含纤维结缔组织、神经节、胶质组织和神经束。值得注意的是，不同区域和细胞类型表现出S100、胶质纤维酸性蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶的表达。随访评估未发现复发或晚期并发症。
在腹膜后神经胶质异位病例中，大多数儿童可能无症状且无任何先天性异常。尽管通过影像学可检测到，但术前很少能做出准确诊断。一般来说，完整手术切除后预后良好，不过需要更多病例来证实其长期疗效，因此需要延长随访以进行验证。
