Islam Mohammad Rafiqul, Sarker Umakanta, Azam Mohammad Golam, Hossain Jamil, Alam Mohammad Ashraful, Ullah Riaz, Bari Ahmed, Hossain Nazmul, El Sabagh Ayman, Islam Mohammad Sohidul
Agronomy Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Ishwardi, Pabna, 6620, Bangladesh.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 23;14(1):9378. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60129-z.
Uneven rainfall and high temperature cause drought in tropical and subtropical regions which is a major challenge to cultivating summer mung bean. Potassium (K), a major essential nutrient of plants can alleviate water stress (WS) tolerance in plants. A field trial was executed under a rainout shelter with additional K fertilization including recommended K fertilizer (RKF) for relieving the harmful impact of drought in response to water use efficiency (WUE), growth, yield attributes, nutrient content, and yield of mung bean at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishwardi, Pabna in two successive summer season of 2018 and 2019. Drought-tolerant genotype BMX-08010-2 (G1) and drought-susceptible cultivar BARI Mung-1 (G2) were grown by applying seven K fertilizer levels (KL) using a split-plot design with three replications, where mung bean genotypes were allotted in the main plots, and KL were assigned randomly in the sub-plots. A considerable variation was observed in the measured variables. Depending on the different applied KL and seed yield of mung bean, the water use efficiency (WUE) varied from 4.73 to 8.14 kg ha mm. The treatment applying 125% more K with RKF (KL) under WS gave the maximum WUE (8.14 kg ha mm) obtaining a seed yield of 1093.60 kg ha. The treatment receiving only RKF under WS (KL) provided the minimum WUE (4.73 kg ha mm) attaining a seed yield of 825.17 kg ha. Results showed that various characteristics including nutrients (N, P, K, and S) content in stover and seed, total dry matter (TDM) in different growth stages, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), root volume (RV), root density (RD), plant height, pod plant, pod length, seeds pod, seed weight, and seed yield in all pickings increased with increasing K levels, particularly noted with KL. The highest grain yield (32.52%) was also obtained from KL compared to lower K with RKF. Overall, yield varied from 1410.37 kg ha using 281 mm water (KL; well-watered condition with RKF) to 825.17 kg ha using 175 mm water (KL). The results exhibited that the application of additional K improves the performance of all traits under WS conditions. Therefore, mung beans cultivating under WS requires additional K to diminish the negative effect of drought, and adequate use of K contributes to accomplishing sustainable productivity.
降雨不均和高温导致热带和亚热带地区干旱，这对夏季种植绿豆构成了重大挑战。钾（K）是植物主要的必需养分，能提高植物的耐旱性。在防雨棚下进行了田间试验，增施钾肥，包括推荐钾肥（RKF），以缓解干旱的有害影响，试验于2018年和2019年连续两个夏季在巴里地区农业研究站（位于帕布纳伊什瓦迪）进行，涉及绿豆的水分利用效率（WUE）、生长、产量性状、养分含量和产量。采用裂区设计，设置7个钾肥水平（KL），3次重复，种植耐旱基因型BMX - 08010 - 2（G1）和干旱敏感品种巴里绿豆1号（G2），其中绿豆基因型分配在主区，KL随机分配在副区。在测量变量中观察到了相当大的差异。根据不同的KL施用量和绿豆种子产量，水分利用效率（WUE）在4.73至8.14 kg ha mm之间变化。在水分胁迫（WS）条件下，施钾量比RKF多125%（KL）的处理获得了最高的WUE（8.14 kg ha mm），种子产量为1093.60 kg ha。在WS条件下仅施RKF的处理（KL）提供了最低的WUE（4.73 kg ha mm），种子产量为825.17 kg ha。结果表明，随着钾肥水平的增加，包括秸秆和种子中的养分（N、P、K和S）含量、不同生长阶段的总干物质（TDM）、叶面积指数（LAI）、作物生长速率（CGR）、根体积（RV）、根密度（RD）、株高、单株荚数、荚长、每荚种子数、种子重量以及所有采摘期的种子产量等各种性状均有所增加，特别是在KL处理下尤为明显。与施RKF的低钾处理相比，KL处理的籽粒产量也最高（32.52%）。总体而言，产量从使用281毫米水（KL；RKF充分灌溉条件）时的1410.37 kg ha到使用175毫米水（KL）时的825.17 kg ha不等。结果表明，增施钾肥可改善水分胁迫条件下所有性状的表现。因此，在水分胁迫条件下种植绿豆需要额外施钾以减轻干旱的负面影响，合理施用钾肥有助于实现可持续生产力。
