短期黑果腺肋花楸提取物补充可改善认知表现：一项在健康年轻成年人中进行的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照交叉研究。

Short-term Aronia melanocarpa extract supplementation improves cognitive performance: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study in healthy young adults.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Eur J Nutr. 2024 Aug;63(5):1545-1553. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03381-3. Epub 2024 Apr 24.

DOI:10.1007/s00394-024-03381-3

PMID:38656355

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11329521/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Evidence on the potential beneficial effects of anthocyanin-rich foods and supplements on cognitive performance is mainly based on acute or long-term studies in older adults. However, short-term studies focusing on a younger population are lacking. Therefore, short-term effects of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) supplementation on cognitive performance were investigated in healthy young adults. Potential underlying mechanisms were also addressed.

METHODS

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study was performed involving 35 apparently healthy young adults. Participants consumed AME (180 mg anthocyanins/day) or a placebo for 1 week, separated by at least 2 weeks of wash-out. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Furthermore, arterial stiffness (carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity), retinal microvascular calibers (fundus photography), and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations were measured at baseline and after 1 week.

RESULTS

Participants had a mean age of 25 ± 4 years and an average BMI of 23.4 ± 2.7 kg/m. Compliance was excellent and the study product was well-tolerated. As compared to placebo, movement time was significantly reduced by 4.8% within the five-choice reaction time test after 1 week of AME supplementation (intervention effect: - 12 ms; p < 0.05). Memory and executive function did however not change. Serum BDNF concentrations were significantly higher after AME supplementation as compared to placebo (+ 5.7%; intervention effect: 1.8 ng/mL; p < 0.05). However, arterial stiffness and retinal microvascular calibers were not affected.

CONCLUSION

Short-term AME supplementation beneficially affected cognitive performance as attention and psychomotor speed improved. Serum BDNF concentrations were increased, but vascular function markers were not affected.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION

The study was registered on Clinical Trials under NCT03793777 on January 4th, 2019.

摘要

目的

关于富含花青素的食物和补充剂对认知表现的潜在有益影响的证据主要基于老年人的急性或长期研究。然而，缺乏针对年轻人群的短期研究。因此，研究了在健康年轻成年人中补充黑果腺肋花楸提取物（AME）对认知表现的短期影响，并探讨了潜在的机制。

方法

进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉研究，涉及 35 名健康的年轻成年人。参与者服用 AME（每天 180 毫克花青素）或安慰剂，为期 1 周，间隔至少 2 周洗脱期。使用剑桥神经心理学测试自动化电池（CANTAB）评估认知表现。此外，在基线和 1 周后测量动脉僵硬度（颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度）、视网膜微血管直径（眼底照相）和血清脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）浓度。

结果

参与者的平均年龄为 25 ± 4 岁，平均 BMI 为 23.4 ± 2.7 kg/m。依从性极好，研究产品耐受性良好。与安慰剂相比，AME 补充 1 周后，五选择反应时测试中的运动时间显著减少了 4.8%（干预效应：-12 毫秒；p < 0.05）。然而，记忆和执行功能没有改变。与安慰剂相比，AME 补充后血清 BDNF 浓度显著升高（+5.7%；干预效应：1.8ng/ml；p < 0.05）。然而，动脉僵硬度和视网膜微血管直径没有受到影响。