Komatsu Keiji, Matsuura Takanori, Ogawa Takahiro
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2025 Apr 8;40(2):229-240. doi: 10.11607/jomi.10957.
To test the hypothesis that surfaces of prosthetic implant abutments treated with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light enhance the growth and function of human gingival fibroblasts.
Implant abutments were treated with 172-nm VUV light for 1 minute. Untreated abutments were included as controls. Their surface properties were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, and chemical composition analysis. Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured on both untreated and VUV-treated abutments to evaluate cell attachment, proliferation, distribution, and collagen production. Cell detachment assays were also performed under various mechanical and chemical stimuli.
After VUV treatment, the implant abutments demonstrated a notable transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic wettability. Surface element analysis revealed a considerable reduction in surface carbon and increase in oxygen and titanium (Ti) elements on the VUV-treated surfaces. On day 1 of culture, 3.9 times more fibroblasts were attached on VUV-treated abutments than on untreated control abutments. Fibroblastic proliferation increased 1.9 to 3.1 times on VUV-treated abutments, along with a significant improvement in the distribution of populating cells. Collagen production on VUV-treated abutments increased by 1.5 to 1.7 times. While untreated abutment surfaces showed voids and a limited spread of collagen deposition, dense and full coverage of collagen was observed on VUV-treated abutments, with a great contrast in the challenging axial surface zone. Cell retention against mechanical and chemical detaching stimuli was increased 11.3 and 4.3 times, respectively, by VUV treatment.
Treatment of implant abutments with VUV light for 1 minute resulted in a reduction of surface carbon and a transformation of the surface from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. This led to enhanced attachment, proliferation, and retention of human gingival fibroblasts, along with nearly complete collagen coverage on implant abutments. These in vitro results indicate the promising potential of using VUV photofunctionalized implant abutments to enhance soft tissue reaction and sealing mechanisms.
验证经真空紫外线（VUV）光处理的种植体基台表面可增强人牙龈成纤维细胞生长及功能这一假说。
种植体基台用172纳米的VUV光处理1分钟。未处理的基台作为对照。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、接触角测量和化学成分分析来表征其表面特性。将人牙龈成纤维细胞培养在未处理和经VUV处理的基台上，以评估细胞附着、增殖、分布及胶原蛋白生成情况。还在各种机械和化学刺激下进行细胞脱离试验。
VUV处理后，种植体基台的润湿性从疏水显著转变为亲水。表面元素分析显示，经VUV处理的表面碳含量大幅降低，氧和钛（Ti）元素增加。培养第1天，经VUV处理的基台上附着的成纤维细胞比未处理的对照基台多3.9倍。经VUV处理的基台上成纤维细胞的增殖增加了1.9至3.1倍，同时细胞分布也有显著改善。经VUV处理的基台上胶原蛋白生成增加了1.5至1.7倍。未处理的基台表面有孔隙且胶原蛋白沉积分布有限，而经VUV处理的基台上观察到胶原蛋白致密且完全覆盖，在具有挑战性的轴向表面区域形成鲜明对比。VUV处理分别使细胞在机械和化学脱离刺激下的保留率提高了11.3倍和4.3倍。
用VUV光处理种植体基台1分钟可减少表面碳含量，并使表面从疏水转变为亲水。这导致人牙龈成纤维细胞的附着、增殖和保留增强，同时种植体基台上胶原蛋白几乎完全覆盖。这些体外结果表明，使用VUV光功能化种植体基台增强软组织反应和封闭机制具有广阔前景。
