Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Jul;284:127729. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127729. Epub 2024 Apr 20.
Marine bacteria play vital roles in symbiosis, biogeochemical cycles and produce novel bioactive compounds and enzymes of interest for the pharmaceutical, biofuel and biotechnology industries. At present, investigations into marine bacterial functions and their products are primarily based on phenotypic observations, -omic type approaches and heterologous gene expression. To advance our understanding of marine bacteria and harness their full potential for industry application, it is critical that we have the appropriate tools and resources to genetically manipulate them in situ. However, current genetic tools that are largely designed for model organisms such as E. coli, produce low transformation efficiencies or have no transfer ability in marine bacteria. To improve genetic manipulation applications for marine bacteria, we need to improve transformation methods such as conjugation and electroporation in addition to identifying more marine broad host range plasmids. In this review, we aim to outline the reported methods of transformation for marine bacteria and discuss the considerations for each approach in the context of improving efficiency. In addition, we further discuss marine plasmids and future research areas including CRISPR tools and their potential applications for marine bacteria.
海洋细菌在共生、生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用，并产生了新型生物活性化合物和酶，这些化合物和酶对制药、生物燃料和生物技术产业具有重要意义。目前，对海洋细菌功能及其产物的研究主要基于表型观察、组学方法和异源基因表达。为了深入了解海洋细菌并充分发挥其在工业应用中的潜力，我们必须拥有适当的工具和资源来对其进行原位遗传操作。然而，目前主要为大肠杆菌等模式生物设计的遗传工具转化效率低，或者在海洋细菌中没有转移能力。为了改进海洋细菌的遗传操作应用，我们需要改进转化方法，如接合和电穿孔，此外还需要确定更多的海洋广宿主范围质粒。在这篇综述中，我们旨在概述报道的海洋细菌转化方法，并讨论每种方法在提高效率方面的考虑因素。此外，我们还进一步讨论了海洋质粒和未来的研究领域，包括 CRISPR 工具及其在海洋细菌中的潜在应用。
