Industrial Biotechnology and Waste Utilization Research Group, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Digwadih Campus, PO FRI, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828108, India.
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur, PO Botanical Garden, Howrah, West Bengal, 711103, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2024 Apr 25;206(5):234. doi: 10.1007/s00203-024-03961-1.
Exploration and marketable exploitation of coalbed methane (CBM) as cleaner fuel has been started globally. In addition, incidence of methane in coal basins is an imperative fraction of global carbon cycle. Significantly, subsurface coal ecosystem contains methane forming archaea. There is a rising attention in optimizing microbial coal gasification to exploit the abundant or inexpensive coal reserves worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to understand the coalbeds in geo-microbial perspective. Current review provides an in-depth analysis of recent advances in our understanding of how methanoarchaea are distributed in coal deposits globally. Specially, we highlight the findings on coal-associated methanoarchaeal existence, abundance, diversity, metabolic activity, and biogeography in diverse coal basins worldwide. Growing evidences indicates that we have arrived an exciting era of archaeal research. Moreover, gasification of coal into methane by utilizing microbial methanogenesis is a considerable way to mitigate the energy crisis for the rising world population.
全球已经开始探索和开发煤层气（CBM）作为更清洁的燃料。此外，煤层中的甲烷是全球碳循环的重要组成部分。重要的是，地下煤炭生态系统中含有产甲烷古菌。优化微生物煤气化以开发全球丰富或廉价的煤炭储量引起了越来越多的关注。因此，从地质微生物学的角度了解煤储层至关重要。目前的综述提供了对我们如何理解全球煤储层中产甲烷古菌分布的最新进展的深入分析。特别是，我们强调了有关世界各地不同煤盆地中与煤相关的产甲烷古菌的存在、丰度、多样性、代谢活性和生物地理学的发现。越来越多的证据表明，我们已经进入了一个令人兴奋的古菌研究时代。此外，利用微生物产甲烷作用将煤转化为甲烷是缓解能源危机的一种重要途径，因为世界人口正在不断增长。
