Dieter Scheffner Center for Medical Education and Educational Research, Deans´Office of Study Affairs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
Institute for Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Apr 25;24(1):453. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-05434-x.
The qualities of trainees play a key role in entrustment decisions by clinical supervisors for the assignments of professional tasks and levels of supervision. A recent body of qualitative research has shown that in addition to knowledge and skills, a number of personality traits are relevant in the workplace; however, the relevance of these traits has not been investigated empirically. The aim of this study was to analyse the workplace performance of final-year medical students using an Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA) framework in relation to their personality traits.
Medical students at the end of their final clerkship year were invited to participate in an online survey-based, cross-sectional field study. In the survey, the workplace performance was captured using a framework consisting of levels of experienced supervision and a defined set of 12 end-of-undergraduate medical training EPAs. The Big Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) of the participating medical students were measured using the Big Five Inventory-SOEP (BFI-S), which consists of 15 items that are rated on a seven-point Likert scale. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
The study included 880 final-year medical students (mean age: 27.2 years, SD = 3.0; 65% female). The levels of supervision under which the final-year clerkship students carried out the EPAs varied considerably. Significant correlations were found between the levels of experienced supervision and all Big Five dimensions The correlations with the dimensions of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness were positive, and that for the neuroticism dimension was negative (range r = 0.17 to r = - 0.23). Multiple regression analyses showed that the combination of the Big Five personality traits accounted for 0.8-7.5% of the variance in supervision levels on individual EPAs.
Using the BFI-S, we found that the levels of supervision on a set of end-of-undergraduate medical training EPAs were related to the personality traits of final-year medical students. The results of this study confirm the existing body of research on the role of conscientiousness and extraversion in entrustment decision-making and, in particular, add the personality trait of neuroticism as a new and relevant trainee quality to be considered.
培训生的素质在临床主管对专业任务和监督级别分配的委托决策中起着关键作用。最近的一批定性研究表明，除了知识和技能外，许多人格特质在工作场所也很相关；然而，这些特质的相关性尚未经过实证研究。本研究旨在使用可委托的专业活动（EPA）框架分析最后一年医学生的工作场所表现与他们的人格特质的关系。
最后一年实习的医学生被邀请参加一项基于在线调查的、横断面的现场研究。在调查中，使用一个由经验监督水平和一组 12 个本科医学培训结束后 EPA 组成的框架来捕捉工作场所表现。使用由 15 个项目组成的大五人格特质量表（SOEP）测量参与医学生的大五人格特质（外向性、宜人性、尽责性、神经质和开放性），这些项目在七点李克特量表上进行评分。使用描述性和推断性统计对数据进行分析。
研究纳入了 880 名最后一年的医学生（平均年龄 27.2 岁，标准差 3.0；65%为女性）。最后一年实习医学生执行 EPA 的监督水平差异很大。经验监督水平与大五维度之间存在显著相关性。与外向性、宜人性、尽责性和开放性维度的相关性为正，与神经质维度的相关性为负（范围 r=0.17 至 r=-0.23）。多元回归分析表明，大五人格特质的组合可以解释个别 EPA 监督水平变化的 0.8%-7.5%。
使用 BFI-S，我们发现，一组本科医学培训结束后 EPA 的监督水平与最后一年医学生的人格特质有关。本研究的结果证实了现有的关于尽责性和外向性在委托决策中的作用的研究，并特别将神经质这一人格特质作为一个新的、相关的受训者素质添加到需要考虑的因素中。
