Zheng Xue-Wen, Cao Xin-Yue, Jiang Wen-Hao, Xu Guang-Zhao, Liang Qing-Zhi, Yang Zhuan-Ying
College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Metabolites. 2024 Apr 15;14(4):223. doi: 10.3390/metabo14040223.
Temperature is vital in plant growth and agricultural fruit production. Sonn, commonly known as litchi, is appreciated for its delicious fruit and fragrant blossoms and is susceptible to stress when exposed to low temperatures. This study investigates the effect of two cryoprotectants that counteract cold stress during litchi flowering, identifies the genes that generate the cold resistance induced by the treatments, and hypothesizes the roles of these genes in cold resistance. Whole plants were treated with Bihu and Liangli cryoprotectant solutions to protect inflorescences below 10 °C. The soluble protein, sugar, fructose, sucrose, glucose, and proline contents were measured during inflorescence. Sucrose synthetase, sucrose phosphate synthetase, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), and MDA were also monitored throughout the flowering stage. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), gene ontology, and associated KEGG pathways in the transcriptomics study were investigated. There were 1243 DEGs expressed after Bihu treatment and 1340 in the control samples. Signal transduction pathways were associated with 39 genes in the control group and 43 genes in the Bihu treatment group. The discovery of these genes may contribute to further research on cold resistance mechanisms in litchi. The Bihu treatment was related to 422 low-temperature-sensitive differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), as opposed to 408 DAMs in the control, mostly associated with lipid metabolism, organic oxidants, and alcohols. Among them, the most significant differentially accumulated metabolites were involved in pathways such as β-alanine metabolism, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, and histidine metabolism. These results showed that Bihu treatment could potentially promote these favorable traits and increase fruit productivity compared to the Liangli and control treatments. More genomic research into cold stress is needed to support the findings of this study.
温度对植物生长和农业水果生产至关重要。荔枝，俗称“荔果”，以其美味的果实和芬芳的花朵而受到喜爱，在低温环境下易受胁迫。本研究调查了两种在荔枝花期抵抗冷胁迫的抗冻剂的效果，鉴定了由处理诱导产生抗寒能力的基因，并推测了这些基因在抗寒中的作用。用“碧护”和“靓力”抗冻剂溶液处理整株植物，以保护花序在10℃以下。在花序期测定可溶性蛋白、糖、果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖和脯氨酸含量。在整个花期还监测了蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶、抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶）和丙二醛。研究了转录组学研究中的差异表达基因（DEGs）、基因本体论和相关的KEGG途径。“碧护”处理后有1243个差异表达基因，对照样品中有1340个。对照组有39个基因与信号转导途径相关，“碧护”处理组有43个基因与信号转导途径相关。这些基因的发现可能有助于进一步研究荔枝的抗寒机制。与对照组的408种相比，“碧护”处理与422种低温敏感差异积累代谢物（DAMs）有关，这些代谢物大多与脂质代谢、有机氧化剂和醇类有关。其中，最显著的差异积累代谢物参与了β-丙氨酸代谢、多环芳烃生物合成、亚油酸代谢和组氨酸代谢等途径。这些结果表明，与“靓力”和对照处理相比，“碧护”处理可能促进这些有利性状并提高果实产量。需要更多关于冷胁迫的基因组研究来支持本研究的结果。
