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用于先进碱性水电解的分离器和隔膜

Separators and Membranes for Advanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis.

作者信息

Henkensmeier Dirk, Cho Won-Chul, Jannasch Patric, Stojadinovic Jelena, Li Qingfeng, Aili David, Jensen Jens Oluf

机构信息

Hydrogen · Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.

Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

Chem Rev. 2024 May 22;124(10):6393-6443. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00694. Epub 2024 Apr 26.

DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00694
PMID:38669641
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11117188/
Abstract

Traditionally, alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) uses diaphragms to separate anode and cathode and is operated with 5-7 M KOH feed solutions. The ban of asbestos diaphragms led to the development of polymeric diaphragms, which are now the state of the art material. A promising alternative is the ion solvating membrane. Recent developments show that high conductivities can also be obtained in 1 M KOH. A third technology is based on anion exchange membranes (AEM); because these systems use 0-1 M KOH feed solutions to balance the trade-off between conductivity and the AEM's lifetime in alkaline environment, it makes sense to treat them separately as AEM WE. However, the lifetime of AEM increased strongly over the last 10 years, and some electrode-related issues like oxidation of the ionomer binder at the anode can be mitigated by using KOH feed solutions. Therefore, AWE and AEM WE may get more similar in the future, and this review focuses on the developments in polymeric diaphragms, ion solvating membranes, and AEM.

摘要

传统上，碱性水电解（AWE）使用隔膜来分隔阳极和阴极，并采用5-7M的氢氧化钾进料溶液进行操作。石棉隔膜被禁用后，促使了聚合物隔膜的发展，如今聚合物隔膜已成为最先进的材料。一种很有前景的替代方案是离子溶剂化膜。最近的进展表明，在1M的氢氧化钾溶液中也能获得高电导率。第三种技术基于阴离子交换膜（AEM）；由于这些系统使用0-1M的氢氧化钾进料溶液来平衡电导率与AEM在碱性环境中的寿命之间的权衡，因此将它们作为AEM水电解单独处理是合理的。然而，在过去10年中，AEM的寿命大幅提高，并且一些与电极相关的问题，如阳极处离聚物粘合剂的氧化，可以通过使用氢氧化钾进料溶液来缓解。因此，未来AWE和AEM水电解可能会更加相似，而本综述重点关注聚合物隔膜、离子溶剂化膜和AEM的发展。

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