Tierno Domenico, Grassi Gabriele, Zanconati Fabrizio, Dapas Barbara, Scaggiante Bruna
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Apr 16;12(4):875. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12040875.
Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most common neoplasm, the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, and is a major health problem. The discovery of new biomarkers is crucial to improve our knowledge of breast cancer and strengthen our clinical approaches to diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up. In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in circulating RNA (circRNA) as modulators of gene expression involved in tumor development and progression. The study of circulating circRNAs (ccircRNAs) in plasma may provide new non-invasive diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers for BC. This review describes the latest findings on BC-associated ccircRNAs in plasma and their clinical utility. Several ccircRNAs in plasma have shown great potential as BC biomarkers, especially from a diagnostic point of view. Mechanistically, most of the reported BC-associated ccircRNAs are involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and invasion, mainly via MAPK/AKT signaling pathways. However, the study of circRNAs is a relatively new area of research, and a larger number of studies will be crucial to confirm their potential as plasma biomarkers and to understand their involvement in BC.
乳腺癌（BC）是目前最常见的肿瘤，是全球女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因，也是一个重大的健康问题。发现新的生物标志物对于增进我们对乳腺癌的了解以及加强我们在诊断、预后和随访方面的临床方法至关重要。近几十年来，人们越来越关注循环RNA（circRNA）作为参与肿瘤发生和发展的基因表达调节剂。血浆中循环circRNA（ccircRNA）的研究可能为乳腺癌提供新的非侵入性诊断、预后和预测生物标志物。本综述描述了血浆中与乳腺癌相关的ccircRNA的最新发现及其临床应用。血浆中的几种ccircRNA已显示出作为乳腺癌生物标志物的巨大潜力，尤其是从诊断角度来看。从机制上讲，大多数报道的与乳腺癌相关的ccircRNA主要通过MAPK/AKT信号通路参与细胞存活、增殖和侵袭的调节。然而，circRNA的研究是一个相对较新的研究领域，大量的研究对于确认它们作为血浆生物标志物的潜力以及了解它们在乳腺癌中的作用至关重要。
