Đokić Maja, Nekić Tamara, Varenina Ivana, Varga Ines, Solomun Kolanović Božica, Sedak Marija, Čalopek Bruno, Vratarić Darija, Bilandžić Nina
Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Croatia, Planinska 2a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Foods. 2024 Apr 10;13(8):1155. doi: 10.3390/foods13081155.
The aim of this study was to evaluate contamination levels and the frequency of detection of organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), pyrethroids, carbamates and polychlorinated biphenyls (seven PCB congeners) in a total of 534 samples of cow's, sheep's and goat's milk and dairy products from Croatia. Concentrations above the limit of quantification (LOQ) were measured for fourteen OCPs, nine OPPs, six pyrethroids, one carbamate and PCBs with a total of 172 results, and no concentrations exceeded the maximal residue levels defined by the European Union. The mean concentrations of pesticides and the sum of seven PCBs were determined in the ranges 0.92-17.4 μg/kg and 1.38-2.74 μg/kg. Pesticides were quantified in 27% of samples, and seven PCBs were quantified in 5.23% of samples. Among the three pesticide groups, the highest numbers of quantified results were found for OCPs (12.1-20.8%). The highest frequencies of detection were found for the sum of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its isomers (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene and seven PCBs. The sum of seven PCBs was quantified within the range of 3.3-6.67% of samples per milk type and dairy products. Among the OPPs, the highest frequency of detection was found for chlorpyrifos in cow's milk. Based on the estimated daily intakes, chronic risk characterisation showed no risk for adults or ten-year-old children for the consumption of cow's milk and dairy products.
本研究的目的是评估克罗地亚的534份牛奶、羊奶和山羊奶及其奶制品样本中有机氯农药（OCPs）、有机磷农药（OPPs）、拟除虫菊酯、氨基甲酸酯和多氯联苯（7种多氯联苯同系物）的污染水平及检出频率。共检测到14种OCPs、9种OPPs、6种拟除虫菊酯、1种氨基甲酸酯和多氯联苯的浓度超过定量限（LOQ），总计172个结果，且没有浓度超过欧盟规定的最大残留限量。农药的平均浓度和7种多氯联苯的总和分别在0.92 - 17.4 μg/kg和1.38 - 2.74 μg/kg范围内。27%的样本中检测到农药，5.23%的样本中检测到7种多氯联苯。在这三类农药中，OCPs的定量结果数量最多（12.1 - 20.8%）。4,4'-二氯二苯三氯乙烷及其异构体（DDTs）、六氯苯和7种多氯联苯的总和检出频率最高。每类牛奶和奶制品中，7种多氯联苯的总和在3.3 - 6.67%的样本中被定量。在OPPs中，牛奶中毒死蜱的检出频率最高。根据估计的每日摄入量，慢性风险特征表明，食用牛奶和奶制品对成年人或10岁儿童没有风险。
