Vaz Marina, Cascais Pedro, Lourenço Olga
FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Apr 14;21(4):478. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21040478.
Over the last decade, novel tobacco and nicotine product experimentation and use have dramatically increased among the youth, even in countries with strong tobacco control and anti-smoking social norms. We performed an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in March-June 2021, targeting students from the University of Beira Interior, Portugal. The aim was to assess the experimentation and use of tobacco and nicotine products and students' beliefs towards these products. Of the 452 participants, 67.0% were female; the mean age was 21.9 ± 3 years. Most students (60.4%) reported experimenting with tobacco/nicotine products; 31.2% were current users; polyconsumption was common. Of the current users, all used cigarettes, 41.1% used heated tobacco, 20.6% e-cigarettes, and 14.9% used water pipes. Our multivariate analysis showed that being male, being in the third year of study, and cohabiting or socializing with smokers were strongly associated with tobacco/nicotine use. While most students agree that heated tobacco and e-cigarettes are addictive, that they are not less harmful than cigarettes, and that second-hand exposure may cause health problems, few tobacco/nicotine users are ready to quit, and few students support a smoke-free university campus. These findings indicate high experimentation and the regular dual use of novel tobacco and nicotine products and suggest a pro-smoking social norm among university students.
在过去十年中，新型烟草和尼古丁产品的尝试和使用在年轻人中急剧增加，即使在烟草控制严格且有反吸烟社会规范的国家也是如此。我们于2021年3月至6月开展了一项基于在线问卷的横断面研究，目标群体是葡萄牙贝拉内斯大学的学生。目的是评估烟草和尼古丁产品的尝试和使用情况以及学生对这些产品的看法。在452名参与者中，67.0%为女性；平均年龄为21.9±3岁。大多数学生（60.4%）报告曾尝试使用烟草/尼古丁产品；31.2%为当前使用者；多种产品混合使用的情况很常见。在当前使用者中，所有人都使用香烟，41.1%使用加热烟草，20.6%使用电子烟，14.9%使用水烟筒。我们的多变量分析表明，男性、三年级学生以及与吸烟者同居或交往与烟草/尼古丁使用密切相关。虽然大多数学生认同加热烟草和电子烟会上瘾，它们并不比香烟危害小，且二手接触可能会导致健康问题，但很少有烟草/尼古丁使用者准备戒烟，也很少有学生支持无烟大学校园。这些发现表明新型烟草和尼古丁产品的尝试率很高且经常同时使用，并提示大学生中存在支持吸烟的社会规范。
