Hamid Abdulaziz, Dawson Aprill Z, Xu Yilin, Egede Leonard E
Department of Medicine, Medical School, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Apr 16;21(4):486. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21040486.
Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including those in the sub-Saharan African region. However, the independent socioeconomic correlates of glycemic control as measured by hemoglobin A1C have yet to be identified. Therefore, the aim of this analysis was to understand the independent correlates of glycemic control in South Africa.
Data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey on adults with diabetes were used for this analysis. The dependent variable, glycemic control, was defined using hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Independent variables included: age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, region, urban/rural residence, ability to read, education, insurance, wealth, occupation, and employment in the last year. Analysis of variance was used to test for differences in mean HbA1c for each category of all independent variables, and a fully adjusted linear regression model was used to identify independent correlates of glycemic control (HbA1c).
Among the 772 people included in this analysis, there were significant differences in mean HbA1c by age ( < 0.001), ethnicity ( < 0.001), place of residence ( = 0.024), wealth index ( = 0.001), and employment in the last year ( = 0.008). Independent correlates of HbA1c included age, ethnicity, and wealth index.
This study used data from a large diverse population with a high prevalence of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa and provides new evidence on the correlates of glycemic control and potential targets for interventions designed to lower HbA1c and improve diabetes-related health outcomes of adults in South Africa.
在全球范围内，糖尿病患病率正在上升，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs），包括撒哈拉以南非洲地区的国家。然而，通过糖化血红蛋白（A1C）衡量的血糖控制的独立社会经济相关因素尚未确定。因此，本分析的目的是了解南非血糖控制的独立相关因素。
本分析使用了2016年南非人口与健康调查中糖尿病成年人的数据。以糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）定义因变量血糖控制。自变量包括：年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、地区、城乡居住情况、阅读能力、教育程度、保险、财富、职业以及过去一年的就业情况。采用方差分析来检验所有自变量各分类的平均HbA1c差异，并使用完全调整线性回归模型来确定血糖控制（HbA1c）的独立相关因素。
在本分析纳入的772人中，平均HbA1c在年龄（<0.001）、种族（<0.001）、居住地点（=0.024）、财富指数（=0.001）以及过去一年的就业情况（=0.008）方面存在显著差异。HbA1c的独立相关因素包括年龄、种族和财富指数。
本研究使用了撒哈拉以南非洲糖尿病患病率高的大量不同人群的数据，并为血糖控制的相关因素以及旨在降低HbA1c和改善南非成年人糖尿病相关健康结局的干预措施的潜在目标提供了新证据。
