莶草精油对人宫颈和乳腺癌的体外抗病毒和抗癌作用。

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer has been linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. Essential oils (EOs) are vital natural products of plants with various therapeutic and biological properties. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to investigate and assess Tanacetum sinaicum essential oil's possible antiviral and anticancer properties, with a focus on its in vitro effects on human cervical cancer and human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tanacetum sinaicum EO was extracted via hydrodistillation (HD) and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability of Hela (a human epithelial cervical cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to assess the antiviral efficacy of EO against HPV-16 and 18, and anti-metastatic characteristics. The biological activity of EO was assessed using Autophage and Cell genotoxicity via the comet assay. RESULTS: EO is mostly composed of chrysanthenyl acetate, thujone, and verbenol. The cell viability was reduced after 24 hours of incubation at doses from 100 to 400 µg/ml. Concentrations of 800 to 3,200 µg/ml significantly inhibit cell growth. After a 24-hour incubation period, doses ranging from 100 to 400 µg/ml reduced cell viability from 62 to 72%. Concentrations of 800 to 3,200 µg/ml significantly suppress cell growth by over 95%. In MCF7 and HeLa cell lines, EO lowered virus copy numbers in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations of the oil inhibiting virus replication more effectively. EO treatment increased the number of autophagosomes/autolysosomes and acidic vesicular organelles in both cell lines. On the HeLa and MCF7 cell lines, EO demonstrated antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects. The results demonstrated that EO had dose-dependent genotoxic effects on both cancer cell lines, as evidenced by DNA damage. CONCLUSION: Tanacetum sinaicum EO is a prospective source of natural bioactive compounds that can be employed in pharmaceutical and medicinal applications due to its antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-metastatic and genotoxic properties.

背景：宫颈癌与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）16 和 18 型有关。精油（EOs）是植物的重要天然产物，具有多种治疗和生物特性。

目的：本研究旨在研究和评估苍术精油的抗病毒和抗癌特性，重点研究其对人宫颈癌和人乳腺癌腺癌细胞系的体外作用。

材料和方法：通过水蒸馏（HD）提取苍术精油，并使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）进行表征。MTT 法测定 Hela（人宫颈上皮癌细胞）和 MCF-7（人乳腺癌腺癌细胞）细胞系的细胞活力。实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）用于评估 EO 对 HPV-16 和 18 的抗病毒功效和抗转移特性。通过彗星试验评估 EO 的生物活性，包括自噬和细胞遗传毒性。

结果：EO 主要由苍术醇乙酸酯、侧柏酮和马鞭草醇组成。孵育 24 小时后，浓度在 100 至 400μg/ml 时，细胞活力降低。800 至 3200μg/ml 的浓度显著抑制细胞生长。孵育 24 小时后，浓度为 100 至 400μg/ml 时，细胞活力从 62%降低至 72%。800 至 3200μg/ml 的浓度显著抑制细胞生长超过 95%。在 MCF7 和 HeLa 细胞系中，EO 以剂量依赖性方式降低病毒拷贝数，较高浓度的油更有效地抑制病毒复制。EO 处理增加了两种细胞系中自噬体/自溶体和酸性囊泡细胞器的数量。在 HeLa 和 MCF7 细胞系中，EO 表现出抗增殖和抗转移作用。结果表明，EO 对两种癌细胞系均具有剂量依赖性的遗传毒性作用，表现为 DNA 损伤。

结论：苍术精油是一种有前途的天然生物活性化合物来源，由于其抗病毒、抗增殖、抗转移和遗传毒性特性，可用于制药和医药应用。