Han Yanwen, Lu Qing, Xie Jing, Song Ki-Young, Luo Dun
Department of Mechanical and Electrical Systems Engineering, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
3D Print Addit Manuf. 2024 Apr 1;11(2):e638-e654. doi: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0103. Epub 2024 Apr 16.
This study proposes a novel and simple fabrication method of magnetic microfibers, employing filament stretching three-dimensional (3D) printing, and demonstrates the capacity of four-dimensional (4D) printing of the proposed magnetic microfibers. A ferromagnetic 3D printing filament is prepared by the mixture of neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) and polylactic acid (PLA), and we investigate the characteristics of the ferromagnetic filament by mixing ratio, magnetic properties, mechanical properties, and rheological properties through experiments. By thermal extrusion of the ferromagnetic filament through a 3D printer nozzle, various thicknesses (80-500 μm) and lengths (less than ∼5 cm) of ferromagnetic microfibers are achieved with different printing setups, such as filament extrusion amount and printing speed. The printed ferromagnetic microfibers are magnetized to maintain a permanent magnetic dipole moment, and 4D printing can be achieved by the deformations of the permanently magnetized microfibers under magnetic fields. We observe that the mixing ratio, the thickness, and the length of the magnetized microfibers provide distinct deformation of the microfiber for customization of 4D printings. This study exhibits that the permanently magnetized microfibers have a great potential for smart sensors and actuators. Furthermore, we briefly present an application of our proposed magnetic microfibers for bionic motion actuators with various unique undulating and oscillating motions.
本研究提出了一种新颖且简单的磁性微纤维制造方法，采用长丝拉伸三维（3D）打印，并展示了所提出的磁性微纤维的四维（4D）打印能力。通过钕铁硼（NdFeB）和聚乳酸（PLA）的混合制备了一种铁磁3D打印长丝，我们通过实验从混合比例、磁性能、机械性能和流变性能方面研究了铁磁长丝的特性。通过将铁磁长丝通过3D打印机喷嘴进行热挤压，利用不同的打印设置，如长丝挤出量和打印速度，可实现各种厚度（80 - 500μm）和长度（小于约5cm）的铁磁微纤维。打印出的铁磁微纤维被磁化以保持永久磁偶极矩，并且通过在磁场下永久磁化微纤维的变形可实现4D打印。我们观察到磁化微纤维的混合比例、厚度和长度为4D打印的定制提供了微纤维的独特变形。本研究表明，永久磁化微纤维在智能传感器和致动器方面具有巨大潜力。此外，我们简要介绍了我们提出的磁性微纤维在具有各种独特起伏和振荡运动的仿生运动致动器中的应用。
