Gao Guangliang, Liu Rui, Hu Silu, He Mengnan, Zhang Jiaman, Gao Dengfeng, Li Jing, Hu Jiwei, Wang Jiwen, Wang Qigui, Li Mingzhou, Jin Long
Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Institute of Poultry Science, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2024 May 2;15(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s40104-024-01016-5.
Goose, descendants of migratory ancestors, have undergone extensive selective breeding, resulting in their remarkable ability to accumulate fat in the liver and exhibit a high tolerance for significant energy intake. As a result, goose offers an excellent model for studying obesity, metabolic disorders, and liver diseases in mammals. Although the impact of the three-dimensional arrangement of chromatin within the cell nucleus on gene expression and transcriptional regulation is widely acknowledged, the precise functions of chromatin architecture reorganization during fat deposition in goose liver tissues still need to be fully comprehended.
In this study, geese exhibited more pronounced changes in the liver index and triglyceride (TG) content following the consumption of the high-fat diet (HFD) than mice without significant signs of inflammation. Additionally, we performed comprehensive analyses on 10 goose liver tissues (5 HFD, 5 normal), including generating high-resolution maps of chromatin architecture, conducting whole-genome gene expression profiling, and identifying H3K27ac peaks in the livers of geese and mice subjected to the HFD. Our results unveiled a multiscale restructuring of chromatin architecture, encompassing Compartment A/B, topologically associated domains, and interactions between promoters and enhancers. The dynamism of the three-dimensional genome architecture, prompted by the HFD, assumed a pivotal role in the transcriptional regulation of crucial genes. Furthermore, we identified genes that regulate chromatin conformation changes, contributing to the metabolic adaptation process of lipid deposition and hepatic fat changes in geese in response to excessive energy intake. Moreover, we conducted a cross-species analysis comparing geese and mice exposed to the HFD, revealing unique characteristics specific to the goose liver compared to a mouse. These chromatin conformation changes help elucidate the observed characteristics of fat deposition and hepatic fat regulation in geese under conditions of excessive energy intake.
We examined the dynamic modifications in three-dimensional chromatin architecture and gene expression induced by an HFD in goose liver tissues. We conducted a cross-species analysis comparing that of mice. Our results contribute significant insights into the chromatin architecture of goose liver tissues, offering a novel perspective for investigating mammal liver diseases.
鹅作为迁徙祖先的后代，经历了广泛的选择性育种，使其具备在肝脏中大量积累脂肪以及对大量能量摄入具有高耐受性的显著能力。因此，鹅为研究哺乳动物的肥胖、代谢紊乱和肝脏疾病提供了一个极佳的模型。尽管细胞核内染色质的三维排列对基因表达和转录调控的影响已得到广泛认可，但在鹅肝脏组织脂肪沉积过程中染色质结构重组的精确功能仍有待充分了解。
在本研究中，与未出现明显炎症迹象的小鼠相比，食用高脂饮食（HFD）后，鹅的肝脏指数和甘油三酯（TG）含量变化更为显著。此外，我们对10个鹅肝脏组织（5个HFD组，5个正常组）进行了全面分析，包括生成染色质结构的高分辨率图谱、进行全基因组基因表达谱分析以及鉴定HFD处理的鹅和小鼠肝脏中的H3K27ac峰。我们的结果揭示了染色质结构的多尺度重组，包括A/B区室、拓扑相关结构域以及启动子与增强子之间的相互作用。由HFD引发的三维基因组结构的动态变化在关键基因的转录调控中起关键作用。此外，我们鉴定出了调节染色质构象变化的基因，这些基因有助于鹅在能量摄入过多时脂质沉积和肝脏脂肪变化的代谢适应过程。此外，我们对HFD处理的鹅和小鼠进行了跨物种分析，揭示了与小鼠相比鹅肝脏特有的特征。这些染色质构象变化有助于阐明在能量摄入过多的情况下鹅脂肪沉积和肝脏脂肪调节的观察特征。
我们研究了HFD诱导的鹅肝脏组织三维染色质结构和基因表达的动态变化。我们进行了与小鼠的跨物种分析比较。我们的结果为鹅肝脏组织的染色质结构提供了重要见解，为研究哺乳动物肝脏疾病提供了新的视角。
