Rahman Sazedur, Sadaf Somya, Hoque Md Enamul, Mishra Akash, Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar, Malafaia Guilherme, Singh Jagpreet
Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi 835215 Jharkhand India.
RSC Adv. 2024 May 1;14(20):13862-13899. doi: 10.1039/d3ra05816f. eCollection 2024 Apr 25.
The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacterial strains and biofilm-associated diseases have heightened concerns about exploring alternative bactericidal methods. The WHO estimates that at least 700 000 deaths yearly are attributable to antimicrobial resistance, and that number could increase to 10 million annual deaths by 2050 if appropriate measures are not taken. Therefore, the increasing threat of AR bacteria and biofilm-related infections has created an urgent demand for scientific research to identify novel antimicrobial therapies. Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as a promising alternative due to their unique physicochemical properties, and ongoing research holds great promise for developing effective NMs-based treatments for bacterial and viral infections. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of NMs based mechanisms combat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by acquired antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, this review examines NMs design features and attributes that can be optimized to enhance their efficacy as antimicrobial agents. In addition, plant-based NMs have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections due to their reduced toxicity compared to other NMs. The potential of plant mediated NMs for preventing AR is also discussed. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of understanding the properties and mechanisms of NMs for the development of effective strategies against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
抗生素耐药（AR）细菌菌株的出现和传播以及与生物膜相关的疾病，加剧了人们对探索替代杀菌方法的担忧。世界卫生组织估计，每年至少有70万人的死亡可归因于抗菌药物耐药性，如果不采取适当措施，到2050年，这一数字可能会增至每年1000万例死亡。因此，AR细菌和生物膜相关感染日益增加的威胁，迫切需要开展科学研究以确定新的抗菌疗法。由于其独特的物理化学性质，纳米材料（NMs）已成为一种有前景的替代物，并且正在进行的研究对于开发基于NMs的有效细菌和病毒感染治疗方法具有很大希望。本综述旨在深入分析基于NMs对抗细菌感染的机制，特别是由获得性抗生素耐药引起的感染。此外，本综述还研究了NMs的设计特征和属性，这些特征和属性可被优化以提高其作为抗菌剂的功效。另外，基于植物的NMs由于其与其他NMs相比毒性降低，已成为治疗多重耐药细菌感染的传统抗生素的有前景的替代品。还讨论了植物介导的NMs预防AR的潜力。总体而言，本综述强调了了解NMs的性质和机制对于制定抗抗生素耐药细菌有效策略的重要性。
