Douglas A. Wolf, Emily E. Wiemers, Yue Sun, and Jennifer Karas Montez are with the Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY. Shannon M. Monnat and Xue Zhang are with the Lerner Center for Public Health Promotion and Population Health, Syracuse University. Elyse R. Grossman is with the Epidemiology Research Branch, US National Institute on Drug Abuse, Gaithersburg, MD.
Am J Public Health. 2024 Jul;114(7):714-722. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2024.307621. Epub 2024 May 2.
To identify relationships between US states' COVID-19 in-person activity limitation and economic support policies and drug overdose deaths among working-age adults in 2020. We used county-level data on 140 435 drug overdoses among adults aged 25 to 64 years during January 2019 to December 2020 from the National Vital Statistics System and data on states' COVID-19 policies from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker to assess US trends in overdose deaths by sex in 3138 counties. Policies limiting in-person activities significantly increased, whereas economic support policies significantly decreased, overdose rates. A 1-unit increase in policies restricting activities predicted a 15% average monthly increase in overdose rates for men (incident rate ratio [IRR] = 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 1.20) and a 14% increase for women (IRR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.20). A 1-unit increase in economic support policies predicted a 3% average monthly decrease for men (IRR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95, 1.00) and a 4% decrease for women (IRR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93, 0.99). All states' policy combinations are predicted to have increased drug-poisoning mortality. The economic supports that states enacted were insufficient to fully mitigate the adverse relationship between activity limitations and drug overdoses. (. 2024;114(7):714-722. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307621).
为了确定美国各州在 2020 年针对新冠疫情采取的限制人员流动和经济支持政策与 25-64 岁劳动年龄成年人药物过量死亡之间的关系。我们使用了 2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月期间全国生命统计系统中关于 140435 名 25-64 岁成年人药物过量的县级数据，以及牛津大学新冠疫情政府应对追踪器中关于各州新冠疫情政策的数据，评估了 3138 个县中按性别划分的美国药物过量死亡趋势。限制人员流动的政策显著增加，而经济支持政策显著减少了药物过量率。活动限制政策每增加 1 个单位，男性的药物过量率就会平均每月增加 15%（发病率比 [IRR] = 1.15；95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.09，1.20），女性的药物过量率增加 14%（IRR = 1.14；95% CI = 1.09，1.20）。经济支持政策每增加 1 个单位，男性的药物过量率就会平均每月下降 3%（IRR = 0.97；95% CI = 0.95，1.00），女性的药物过量率下降 4%（IRR = 0.96；95% CI = 0.93，0.99）。所有州的政策组合都预计会增加药物中毒死亡率。各州颁布的经济支持措施不足以完全缓解活动限制和药物过量之间的不利关系。（. 2024;114(7):714-722. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307621）。
