Euromov, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2024 Jul;175:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.039. Epub 2024 Apr 23.
Personality traits are broad constructs composed of nuances, operationalized by personality items, that can provide a more granular understanding of personality associations with health outcomes. This study examined the associations between personality nuances and incident dementia and evaluated whether nuances associations replicate across two samples. Health and Retirement Study (HRS, N = 11,400) participants were assessed in 2006/2008, and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, N = 7453) participants were assessed in 2010/2011 on personality and covariates. Dementia incidence was tracked for 14 years in the HRS and 8 years in ELSA. In both HRS and ELSA, higher neuroticism domain and nuances (particularly nervous and worry) were related to a higher risk of incident dementia, whereas higher conscientiousness domain and nuances (particularly responsibility and organization) were associated with a lower risk of dementia. To a lesser extent, higher extraversion (active), openness (broad-minded, curious, and imaginative), and agreeableness (helpful, warm, caring, and sympathetic) nuances were associated with a lower risk of dementia, with replicable effects across the two samples. A poly-nuance score, aggregating the effects of personality items, was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia in the HRS and ELSA, with effect sizes slightly stronger than those of the personality domains. Clinical, behavioral, psychological, and genetic covariates partially accounted for these associations. The present study provides novel and replicable evidence for specific personality characteristics associated with the risk of incident dementia.
人格特质是由细微差别组成的广泛结构，通过人格项目来操作，可以更深入地了解人格与健康结果的关联。本研究考察了人格细微差别与痴呆症发病的关联，并评估了这些关联在两个样本中是否具有可重复性。健康与退休研究（HRS，N=11400）参与者于 2006/2008 年接受评估，英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA，N=7453）参与者于 2010/2011 年接受人格和协变量评估。在 HRS 中，痴呆症的发病情况被追踪了 14 年，在 ELSA 中被追踪了 8 年。在 HRS 和 ELSA 中，较高的神经质领域和细微差别（特别是紧张和忧虑）与痴呆症发病风险增加相关，而较高的尽责性领域和细微差别（特别是责任感和组织能力）与痴呆症发病风险降低相关。在较小程度上，较高的外向性（活跃）、开放性（思想开阔、好奇和富有想象力）和宜人性（乐于助人、热情、关心和同情）细微差别与痴呆症发病风险降低相关，并且在两个样本中具有可复制的效应。聚合人格项目效应的多细微差别评分与 HRS 和 ELSA 中痴呆症发病风险增加相关，其效应大小略强于人格领域的效应大小。临床、行为、心理和遗传协变量部分解释了这些关联。本研究提供了与痴呆症发病风险相关的特定人格特征的新颖且可复制的证据。
