Euromov, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA.
J Psychosom Res. 2024 Dec;187:111912. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111912. Epub 2024 Sep 1.
Personality traits (i.e., the enduring patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors) are associated with cognition across adulthood. There is interest in identifying potential mechanisms to explain this association, but none has focused on sensory function. Therefore, the present study examined whether an objective measure of hearing acuity mediates the association between personality and memory.
Participants were from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, N = 5497, 60 % women, Mean age = 65.66, SD = 9.00) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, N = 4706, 57 % women, Mean age = 64.47, SD = 7.59). In the HRS, participants had data on personality and demographic variables in 2012/2014, hearing acuity in 2016/2018, and memory in 2020. In ELSA, participants had data on personality and demographic variables measured in 2010/2011, hearing acuity in 2014/2015, and memory in 2018/2019.
In both HRS and ELSA, higher hearing acuity partially mediated the association between lower neuroticism (4 % and 5 % proportion effect mediated), higher conscientiousness (6 % and 15 %) and higher openness (3 % and 7 %) and better memory performances at follow-up.
The present study provides novel evidence that hearing acuity mediates the association between personality and cognition.
人格特质（即思维、情感和行为的持久模式）与成年后的认知有关。人们有兴趣确定潜在的机制来解释这种关联，但没有一个关注感官功能。因此，本研究检验了听力敏锐度的客观测量是否可以调节人格与记忆之间的关系。
参与者来自健康与退休研究（HRS，N=5497，60%为女性，平均年龄=65.66，标准差=9.00）和英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA，N=4706，57%为女性，平均年龄=64.47，标准差=7.59）。在 HRS 中，参与者在 2012/2014 年有关于人格和人口统计学变量的数据，在 2016/2018 年有听力敏锐度的数据，在 2020 年有记忆的数据。在 ELSA 中，参与者在 2010/2011 年有关于人格和人口统计学变量的数据，在 2014/2015 年有听力敏锐度的数据，在 2018/2019 年有记忆的数据。
在 HRS 和 ELSA 中，更高的听力敏锐度部分解释了较低的神经质（4%和5%的比例效应解释）、更高的尽责性（6%和15%）和更高的开放性（3%和7%）与随访时更好的记忆表现之间的关联。
本研究提供了新的证据，表明听力敏锐度调节了人格与认知之间的关系。
